Ivar Johansson (animal breeder)

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Ivar Johansson (born November 7, 1891 in Hjortsberga, Kronobergs län , southern Sweden; † September 30, 1988 in Djursholm near Uppsala , Sweden) was a Swedish animal breeding scientist and population geneticist.

Live and act

He was born on a small farm in southern Sweden, attended elementary school and worked in his parents' business. Later he continued his education in Grimslöv and in an agricultural school, completed a course for control assistants and graduated from an adult education center in 1916. He then studied 1916-18 at the agricultural institute in Alnarp , but did not receive an academic degree, only the qualification as an agriculture teacher. He carried out this activity from 1918-23 in the fields of chemistry and animal sciences. He continued his education in the field of animal breeding through participation in courses, lectures (with the plant geneticist Herman Nilsson-Ehle ) and study trips to Germany, Holland and Denmark.

In 1923 Johansson started working at the Royal Agricultural Office in Stockholm on a scholarship . This enabled him to receive special training at the Royal Veterinary College - an institute with academic rank - in the fields of anatomy and physiology in 1923/24. Another scholarship from the Swedish-American Foundation secured him in 1924 to study general animal genetics at the University of Wisconsin in Madison (among others with Leon Jacob Cole ). Here he graduated in 1925 with the title Master of Science and became associate professor for animal breeding at the Agricultural Institute in Ultuna near Uppsala. In 1930 he stayed in Wisconsin for 6 months and graduated with a doctorate. Due to the reorganization of higher education in Sweden in 1932, he had to give up his position (because he did not have a full academic education), moved to Wisconsin as assistant professor of genetics and then in 1933 received the professorship for animal breeding and racial studies at the new royal agricultural college (or royal agricultural college ) in Uppsala. In 1935 he received his doctorate in philosophy (Ph. Dr.).

The new Institute for Pet Genetics at the Agricultural College initially had little financial and human resources. Because of this, no experiments on large animals could be carried out, only teaching and data evaluations and various publications made about them. The right to award doctorates did not take effect until the early 1940s. In 1950, the parallel institute for animal breeding was fully assigned to the agricultural college under Johansson. After the end of the Second World War, some German and Baltic students visited Uppsala and wrote their doctoral theses. A separate “school” developed here - also with Swedish young animal breeders.

Johanssen was an excellent teacher and prolific publicist. In many articles for journals and books, he demonstrated his ability to convey the latest knowledge of animal physiology and population genetics. The co-edition of the “Handbuch der Tierzüchtung” with John Hammond and Fritz Haring (1958–1961), in which he supervised the volume “Pet Genetics”, should be emphasized . For Swedish cattle breeding he further developed the breeding value estimation by switching to the lactation performance (305 days) instead of the previous annual results. He also initiated the blood group test and supported the establishment of a laboratory for immunogenetics and biochemical genetics. In 1958 he was retired, but was then still visiting professor of animal genetics at the Faculty of Dairy Science at the University of Illinois .

Main work

  • Sex ratio and multiple births in cattle. Diss. Univ. Wisconsin, 1930
  • Lineage and Animal Breeding, 1937, 1941
  • Economic milk production, 1938
  • Causes of milk and butterfat variation in dairy cows, 1940
  • Anatomy, physiology, animal husbandry and races, 1942, 1945
  • Fur farming, 1947
  • Compendium of Animal Genetics. 1949
  • The Importance of Heredity in Pets. Rendsburg, 1949
  • Offspring testing in pet breeding. With Alan Robertson. 1951
  • The inheritance of quantitative properties in pets: Lecture given on the occasion of the award of the dignity and rights of an honorary doctor of the agricultural faculty of the Christian-Albrechts-Univ. in Kiel on May 18, 1951
  • Handbook of Animal Breeding, in three volumes, ed. with John Hammond and Fritz Haring, Berlin & Hamburg: Parey
    • Vol. 1: Biological foundations of animal performance, 1958, 527 pp.
    • Vol. 2: Pet Genetics, 1959, 595 pp.
    • Vol. 3: Race Studies
      • Half volume 1: General introduction, horse and cattle breeds, 1961, 496 pp.
      • Half volume 2: Pig, sheep, goat, poultry breeds, fur animals, rabbits, 1961, 465 pp.
  • Assessment of the breeding value of domestic animals for quantitative properties. In: Handbuch für * Tierzüchter, Radebeul: Neumann Verlag, Volume 1, 1959, pp. 711-725
  • The progeny testing of bulls. In: Handbuch für Tierzüchter, Radebeul: Neumann Verlag, Volume 1, 1959, pp. 726-740
  • Genetic aspects of dairy farming, 1961
  • Pet genetics and animal breeding, with Jan Rendel, 1963, 1966, (translations into English, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish and Chinese)
  • Milestones in Genetics. An introduction - illustrated by the discoveries of its most important researchers. 1980; trans. Hans Otto Gravert, Berlin & Hamburg: Parey, 1980
  • Reproduction, inheritance and breeding of the mink. Burgdorf, 1982

Awards

  • 1934 - 1939 member of the board of the Institute for Animal Breeding
  • 1938 - 1950 chairman of the section farm animals in the Nordic agricultural sciences
  • 1949 Vice Chairman of the Swedish Department
  • 1945 member and deputy chairman of agricultural research
  • 1951 Vice Rector of Uppsala Agricultural University
  • 1959 Visiting Professor of Animal Genetics at the University of Illinois
  • Member of the Swedish Agriculture Research Council
  • 1942-1950 head of the Swedish Agricultural Workers' Association
  • Head of the Council for Agricultural Information
  • Vice President of the Swedish Royal Academy of Forestry and Agriculture

literature

  • Eskil Brannang: Ivar Johansson, 1891–1988: A Brief Biography. In: J. Anim. Sci., 1993, 71, 1673-1676. Translated by Gudrun Thäter, Karlsruhe
  • Hans Otto Gravert: Hermann von Nathusius Medal for Prof. Dr. Drs. Hc Ivar Johansson. In: Zkd., 51, 1979, 6, 407-408
  • Ivar Johansson (1891 - 1988) - History of the study trip from July to October 1920 to England and Scotland to study livestock husbandry and agricultural training. Biographical source: U 1932
  • Message from the Royal Swedish Forestry and Agriculture Academy Stockholm (Ylva Nordin) from March 25, 2015

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Honorary doctorates at the University of Kiel 1947-1956
  2. ^ Previous holders of the Hermann von Nathusius Medal
personal data
SURNAME Johansson, Ivar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish animal breeding scientist
DATE OF BIRTH November 7, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Kronobergs län , southern Sweden
DATE OF DEATH September 30, 1988
Place of death Djursholm near Uppsala