Ivajlo (Bulgaria)

military course of the uprising Iwajlos

Iwajlo ( Bulgarian Ива̀йло † 1280 in Isaccea ) was Tsar of Bulgaria from 1278 to 1280 . He succeeded Tsar Konstantin Tich Assen on the throne.

Life

He was a swineherd in northeastern Bulgaria and united the peasants of Bulgaria in the fight against the Tatars of the Golden Horde , who had invaded Bulgaria, and against Byzantium . Iwajlo led the uprising from 1277. In 1278, after conquering the Bulgarian capital Tarnovo , he was proclaimed tsar there. A first attempt by the Bulgarian nobility, the boyars , to overthrow Iwajlo with the support of the Byzantines and, in his place, Iwan Assen III. to establish militarily failed. The boyars then raised Georgi I Terter in place of Ivan Assento the Tsar, who was able to crush Iwajlo's troops in 1280 with a noble army. Iwajlo fled to the court of Nogai Khan to solicit support from him. According to sources, he initially received the pretender in a friendly manner, but at the same time entered into negotiations with the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII , who continued to favor Iwan Assen in the line of succession. Nogai had Iwajlo and his remaining followers killed at a festival, probably on behalf of Michael VIII.

Tsar Iwajlo was married to Maria Palaiologos, a Byzantine princess and widow of his predecessor Konstantin Tich Assen .

Since 2006 he has given its name to Ivaylo Cove , a bay on Snow Island in Antarctica.

literature

• Iwailo . In: Taschenlexikon Bulgaria , Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig 1983, page 84.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ István Vásáry: Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365, Cambridge a. a. 2005, p. 83.

predecessor	Office	successor
Konstantin Tich Assen	Tsar of Bulgaria 1278–1280	Ivan Assen III.