József Engel

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József Engel

József Engel (born October 26, 1811 or 1815 in Sátoraljaújhely , † May 30, 1901 in Budapest ) was a Hungarian sculptor .

Life

József Engel was initially a Talmudic student in Bratislava . During this time he made carvings with which he attracted so much attention that he was offered a degree at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts . According to the will of his Orthodox father, who disliked his son's artistic training for religious reasons, he had to break off the training and return to Bratislava, where he made a living by turning pipe bowls. After his father's death, József Engel resumed his studies in Vienna and was a student of Johann Nepomuk Schaller from 1832 to 1838 . In 1836 the academy awarded him a prize for a Juno head and in 1838 for an Apollo head. After completing his training, Engel went on a journey that took him through Germany, Paris and London. In the British capital, the Hungarian ambassador Paul Fürst Eszterházy became aware of his compatriot and made it possible for the talented artist to visit the Royal Academy of Arts . With the group Amazonenkampf , Engel caught the attention of Queen Victoria . From her he was commissioned to create portraits of the royal couple. A scholarship awarded by the English royal family enabled József Engel to stay in Rome, where he lived and worked from 1847 to 1866. In Italy he carried out the Amazon war in stone and showed it in 1851 at the London Academy exhibition. In 1859, the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Visited the Engels studio in Rome and ordered a number of sculptures from him, including the marble figure girl with pigeons for furnishing the newly built Potsdam Orangery Palace .

In 1865 József Engel won the competition for a memorial in memory of the Hungarian state reformer István Graf Széchenyi . In order to be able to carry out the job on site, he moved to Budapest in 1866. However, work on the project was delayed because the clay model for the statue collapsed in 1869 and had to be remodeled. On behalf of the Hungarian government, he also made busts of the Austrian Empress Maria Theresa and the Hungarian King Matthias for the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest. In 1873 he showed six sculptures at the world exhibition in Vienna, of which the figure Eva was awarded the gold medal. Busts of actors Kálmán Szerdahelyi and Mrs. Kántor were created in 1877 for the National Theater . The Széchenyi monument was completed in 1880 and was unveiled in front of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences on May 23 . After further smaller works, József Engel took part in a work exhibition in Paris for the last time in 1889, where he showed older sculptures, including Eva .

When József Engel died, he was buried in the Jewish cemetery on Kozma utca (Kozma Street).

Works (selection

Szechenyi monument in front of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest
  • Juno Head, 1836
  • Apollo head, 1838
  • Battle of the Amazons , around 1851
  • Battle of Penthesilea with Achilles , 1851
  • Girl with Doves ( Innocence ), 1858, Orangery Palace (Boulle Room), Potsdam
  • Eva , Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest (Magyar Nemzeti Galéria)
  • Sleeping Cupid , National Gallery
  • Young girl with Cupid , National Gallery
  • Statue of Field Marshal Franz Leopold von Nádasdy , 1866, Feldherrenhalle of the Army History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal
  • Girl with Pigeons (The Innocence ), National Gallery
  • Monument to the Hungarian Count István Széchenyi , completed in 1880, Budapest
  • Bust of Pázmán , 1869
  • Bust of King Matthias Corvinus , 1871
  • Bust of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria , 1871
  • Busts of the actors Kálmán Szerdahelyi and Mrs. Kántor , 1877, Budapest National Theater

literature

Web links

Commons : József Engel  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ General artist lexicon . Volume 34: Engel – Eschini. 2002, p. 11.
  2. ^ Károly Lyka : Engel, József . In: Ulrich Thieme (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 10 : Dubolon – Erlwein . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1914, p. 530 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ). Péter Ujvári: Magyar zsidó lexicon. Budapest 1929, p. 228 ( mek.oszk.hu ).
  3. ↑ Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck : The Army History Museum Vienna. The museum and its representative rooms. Kiesel Verlag, Salzburg 1981, ISBN 3-7023-0113-5 , p. 35.
personal data
SURNAME Engel, József
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1811 or 1815
PLACE OF BIRTH Sátoraljaújhely
DATE OF DEATH May 30, 1901
Place of death Budapest