Jewish community of Gondelsheim

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The Jewish community in Gondelsheim , a community in the district of Karlsruhe ( Baden-Württemberg ), was founded in the 16th century and was officially dissolved in 1925.

history

In 1548 Jews were first mentioned in the village. In 1855 the Jewish community reached its highest membership with 110 people. After that, the number quickly fell due to emigration and emigration.

The Jewish community in Gondelsheim owned a synagogue , a Jewish school (denominational school in the synagogue building until 1876, then a religious school) and a ritual bath ( mikveh ). The dead of the community were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Obergrombach . South-west of Gondelsheim there is a corridor Judenkirchhof , first mentioned in 1632, which may indicate a Jewish cemetery. In 1827 the Jewish community was assigned to the Bretten district rabbinate . After the official dissolution of the Jewish community in 1925, the Jews still living in the village were assigned to the Bretten Jewish community .

Until around 1933, there were still two Jewish cattle shops on site: Elias Beissinger (Bahnhofstrasse 10) and Moses Beissinger (Bahnhofstrasse 12).

National Socialist Persecution

On October 22, 1940, six Jewish residents were deported from Gondelsheim to the Gurs camp as part of the so-called Wagner-Bürckel campaign .

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 14 Jewish citizens born in Gondelsheim who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Community development

year number
1709 5 families
1747 13 families
1790 13 families
1825 79 people
1855 110 people
1875 53 people
1887 78 people
1900 47 people
1925 13 people
1933 10 people
1940 6 persons

synagogue

Personalities

  • Jacob Hecht (1879–1963), founder of the Rhenania Schifffahrtsgesellschaft. In 1958 he became an honorary citizen of Gondelsheim.

literature

  • Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online edition ).
  • Jürgen Stude: History of the Jews in the Karlsruhe district . Published by the Karlsruhe District Office, Karlsruhe 1990 (without ISBN)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved November 26, 2012.