Münzesheim Jewish Community

The Jewish community in Münzesheim , a district of the Kraichtal community in the Baden-Württemberg district of Karlsruhe , was founded in the 16th century and existed until 1937.

history

In 1530 Jews are mentioned for the first time in the village. Even after the Thirty Years War , Jews were handed down again from 1656 onwards.

In 1801 the Jewish community in Münzesheim consisted of 19 families with around 90 people. It owned a synagogue (Unterdorfstrasse 31, demolished after 1938), a school (temporarily a Jewish denominational school , then a religious school) and a ritual bath . The dead of the community were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Oberöwisheim . The Jewish community in Münzesheim had employed a teacher (at least since 1879 together with Menzingen) who was also active as a prayer leader and schochet . Since 1827 the community has belonged to the Bretten district rabbinate . Through emigration and emigration, the number of parishioners fell sharply until the beginning of the 20th century.

Since the second half of the 19th century there were some Jewish shops in the area. The Sally Türkheimer department store existed at Unterdorfstrasse 15 until after 1933.

National Socialist Persecution

In 1933 there were still 17 Jewish people living in Münzesheim. Due to the consequences of the economic boycott and reprisals, several of them moved from Münzesheim or emigrated. The Jewish community was dissolved on November 8, 1937

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists eight Jewish citizens born in Münzesheim who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Community development

year	Parishioners	in% of the total population
1801	90
1825	75	6.9% of 1085 inhabitants
around 1839	98
1875	67	5.8% of 1153 inhabitants
1887	39
1900	43	3.9% of 1102 inhabitants
1910	27	2.6% of 1055 inhabitants
around 1925	23	1.9% of 1194 inhabitants
1933	17th

literature

• Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 2: Großbock - Ochtendung. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08078-9 ( online version ).
• Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial Book of the Synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), pp. 263-264.

Web links

• The Jewish community in Münzesheim near Alemannia Judaica

Individual evidence

1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved February 14, 2013.