Jewish community of Odenheim

The Jewish community in Odenheim , a district of Östringen in the district of Karlsruhe ( Baden-Württemberg ), was founded in the 17th century and existed until April 1, 1937.

history

In 1629 Jud Joseph is mentioned in the village, who was a co-founder of the Jewish cemetery in Oberöwisheim . In the years 1670 and 1673, several local Jewish families are already mentioned.

Around 1864 the Jewish community of Odenheim reached its highest number with 156 members. Due to emigration and emigration, the number of Jewish residents fell sharply until the beginning of the 20th century. The Jewish community had a prayer room or a synagogue , a religious school and a ritual bath ( mikveh ). The dead of the community were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Oberöwisheim. Rabbi Faist took office in 1712, and around 1810 Rabbi Abraham Ellinger was named. The Jewish community had employed a teacher who was both a prayer leader and a shochet . In 1827 the Jewish community was assigned to the Bruchsal District Rabbinate .

Siegfriedsbrunnen in Odenheim, donated in 1932 by the Jewish emigrant Siegmund (Simon) Odenheimer, USA

The Jewish families initially lived mainly from the cattle trade. Since the end of the 19th century there were cigar factories run by Jewish entrepreneurs on site, several Jewish butcher shops, a Jewish innkeeper and Jewish shops.

National Socialist Persecution

In 1933 there were still 20 Jewish people living in Odenheim. Most of them have moved away or emigrated as a result of the economic boycott and reprisals. The Jewish community was dissolved on April 1, 1937.

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 18 Jewish citizens born in Odenheim who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Community development

year	Parishioners	in% of the total population
1670	7 families
1701	9 families
1720	12 families
1733	61 people
1788	36 people
1825	75 people	4.3% of 1759 inhabitants
around 1864	156 people
1871	125 people	4.7% of 2241 inhabitants
1900	72 people
1910	61 people	2.4% of 2530 inhabitants
1933	20 people
1938	23 people
1940	4 people

literature

• Jürgen Stude: History of the Jews in the Karlsruhe district . Published by the Karlsruhe District Office, Karlsruhe 1990 (without ISBN).
• Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial Book of the Synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), pp. 370–371.

Web links

• The Jewish community of Odenheim near Alemannia Judaica

Individual evidence

1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved February 19, 2013.