Oestringen Jewish community

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The Jewish community in Östringen , a town in the district of Karlsruhe ( Baden-Württemberg ), was founded in the 17th and 18th centuries. Century and existed until April 1, 1937.

history

According to a list from 1721 in the General State Archives in Karlsruhe , there were five Jewish families in Östringen at that time. In 1725 the Östringen Jews were charged with ritual murder, but after a while the Christian murderer of the four-year-old girl surrendered to the authorities. The apartments of the Jewish residents were mainly in Judengasse , which was renamed Marschackerstraße in 1934.

In 1864 the Jewish community Östringen reached its highest number with 110 members. Due to emigration and emigration, the number of Jewish residents fell sharply until the beginning of the 20th century.

The Jewish community owned a synagogue , a religious school and a ritual bath in the building of the old synagogue, which after the construction of the new synagogue became the school with a teacher's apartment. The dead of the Jewish community were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Obergrombach and, after 1878, partly also in the Jewish cemetery in Mingolsheim . The Jewish community had hired a religion teacher who was both a prayer leader and a shochet . In 1827 the Jewish community was assigned to the Bruchsal District Rabbinate .

The Jewish families lived mainly from the cattle trade. Around 1900 there were four cigar factories founded by Jewish entrepreneurs.

National Socialist Persecution

In 1933 ten Jewish people were still living in Östringen. Most of them have moved away or emigrated as a result of the economic boycott and reprisals. The Jewish community was dissolved on April 1, 1937.

Amalie and Ludwig Wolf were deported to Gurs on October 22, 1940 as part of the so-called Wagner-Bürckel campaign and murdered in Auschwitz in 1942 .

The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 20 Jewish citizens born in Östringen who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .

Community development

year Parishioners in% of the total population
1721 5 families
1785 7 families
1825 54 people 3.0%
1864 110 people
1871 99 people
1875 96 people 4.0%
1900 67 people 2.9%
1910 33 people
1933 10 people
1940 2 persons

literature

  • Jürgen Stude: History of the Jews in the Karlsruhe district . Published by the Karlsruhe District Office, Karlsruhe 1990 (without ISBN).
  • Joachim Hahn and Jürgen Krüger: Synagogues in Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Joachim Hahn: Places and Facilities . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1843-5 ( Memorial Book of the Synagogues in Germany . Volume 4), pp. 371–373.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933 - 1945 . Retrieved February 20, 2013.