Rosewood tree
Rosewood tree | ||||||||||||
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Rosewood tree ( Jacaranda mimosifolia ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Jacaranda mimosifolia | ||||||||||||
D. Don |
The rosewood tree ( Jacaranda mimosifolia ) is a species of the genus Jacaranda within the trumpet tree family (Bignoniaceae). It comes from South America and is used almost worldwide as an ornamental plant in frost-free areas .
Rosewood is not to be confused as a name for wood from tree species of the genus Dalbergia , which is not related to Jacaranda , but belongs to the legumes (Fabaceae).
description
Appearance and leaf
The rosewood tree grows as a deciduous tree that reaches heights of 5 to 20 meters. Its bark is thin and gray-brown in color. The treetop is rounded.
The mostly opposite arranged on the branches leaves have a length of 15 to 40 centimeters, and are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The double-pinnate leaf blade has a width of 10 to 20 centimeters and more or less opposite mostly 15 to 20 (10 to 30) 5 to 10 centimeters long first-order pinnacles. The unpaired first-order leaflets consist of 15 to 25 leaflets that are opposite to alternate. The sessile leaflets are 3 to 12 millimeters long and 1 to 4 millimeters wide and elongated to elliptical, somewhat asymmetrical with a pointed to pointed upper end that is clearly pointed. The edges of the leaflets are slightly rolled down. The terminal leaflets are longer and long-pointed. There are no stipules .
Inflorescence and flower
The flowering period lasts up to two months. The flowers are arranged in a terminal, paniculate inflorescence . The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold and zygomorphic with a double flower envelope , up to 5 inches long and 4 inches wide. The five sepals are closely fused bell-shaped. The five blue to purple petals are fused bell-shaped and the throat is white and hairy. There are four stamens in pairs . The two basifixed anthers per stamen open with a longitudinal slit. The Upper constant ovary contains many ovules . The stylus ends in a two-lobed scar.
Fruit and seeds
The leathery, red-brown capsule fruits , woody when ripe, have a diameter of 3 to 6 centimeters in cross-section, circular, flattened, open with two flaps each with a pointed upper end and contain numerous seeds. The seeds are surrounded by a distinct, membranous wing.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
Distribution and use as an ornamental plant
The original distribution area of Jacaranda mimosifolia extends from western South America: southern Bolivia to southern South America: northwestern Argentina (Entre Rios, Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman), Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Cordillera) and Uruguay.
In suitable, subtropical , climatic regions, the rosewood tree is used almost all over the world as an ornamental wood because of its striking purple flowers . Jacaranda mimosifolia is sensitive to the cold, but can cope with short periods of temperatures around −7 ° C. In South Africa ( Swaziland ) and Australia ( Queensland ), for example , this neophyte is even regarded as an invasive plant that endangers biodiversity because of its tendency to grow wild .
Taxonomy
The first description of Jacaranda mimosifolia was in 1822 by David Don in Botanical Register. London , Volume 8, Plate 631. Synonyms for Jacaranda mimosifolia D.Don are: Jacaranda chelonia Griseb. , Jacaranda acutifolia auct. non humb. & Bonpl. , Jacaranda ovalifolia R.Br.
Others
In homeopathy , jacaranda is used for purulent balanitis .
The extract of Jacaranda mimosifolia effective against Bacillus cereus , Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus .
In Australia a Christmas carol connects the flowering time of the rosewood tree (in English Jacaranda or Blue Jacaranda ) with the beginning of the Christmas season:
- "... When the bloom of the jacaranda tree is here, Christmas time is near. "
swell
- MA Hyde, Bart Wursten: Jacaranda mimosifolia. 2008: Entry in the Flora of Zimbabwe . (Section description)
- AL Quirico: Datasheet in the New South Wales Flora Online . (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i A. L. Quirico: Datasheet in the New South Wales Flora Online .
- ↑ a b c d e f g M. A. Hyde, Bart Wursten: Jacaranda mimosifolia. 2008: Entry in the Flora of Zimbabwe .
- ↑ Jacaranda mimosifolia at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ A b Jacaranda mimosifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
- ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Jacaranda mimosifolia - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on March 3, 2015
- ^ Roger Morrison: Handbook of Key Homeopathic Symptoms and Confirmatory Symptoms. Kai Kröger Verlag, 2nd edition. Groß Wittensee 1997, ISBN 3-9801945-5-8 , p. 349.
- ↑ Jhon J. Rojas, Veronica J. Ochoa, Saul A. Ocampo, John F. Muñoz: Screening for antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants used in Colombian folkloric medicine: A possible alternative in the treatment of non-nosocomial infections . In: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine . tape 6 , no. 1 , February 2006, ISSN 1472-6882 , p. 2 , doi : 10.1186 / 1472-6882-6-2 .
- ↑ lyricsplayground.com .
Web links
- Missouri Botanical Garden .
- Jacaranda mimosifolia . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.
- Jacaranda mimosifolia in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2006. Posted by: Prado, 1998. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Listed as Vulnerable (VU B1 + 2ac v2.3)
- Jacaranda mimosifolia . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.
- Photo of a herbarium from New South Wales.