Jacques de Sores

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Jacques de Sores sacked Havana

Jacques de Sores (German obsolete Jakob Sourie , * in Dieppe , Normandy ) with the nickname L'Ange Exterminateur ("the annihilation angel ") was a Huguenot privateer in the 16th century.

Presumably he came to the Caribbean in 1553 as a captain under the command of François Le Clerc , who was given a letter of invasion from the French king, and was involved in his raids against the Spanish colonies , which culminated in the sacking of Santiago de Cuba in 1554. At the beginning of 1555, François Le Clerc returned to Europe, while Jacques de Sores stayed behind with three privateers and made the coast of Venezuela unsafe.

He then turned north again and attacked Havana in July 1555 . The city was poorly fortified at this time, so that the governor there handed over the city to de Sores after a two-day siege. Contrary to his expectations, he found only a few treasures, and when a Spanish attempt to take him by surprise failed, he had the prisoners murdered and the city burned down almost completely after intensive looting . As a radical Calvinist , he is said to have previously desecrated the Catholic churches. The looting is said to have been so efficient and the destruction so great that another group of pirates that reached the city the following winter found nothing to loot. As a result of the raid, Havana was heavily fortified. De Sores' raid also sparked the first local Creole uprising against the Spanish colonial power, which was unsuccessful but signaled the first preliminary stage of Cuban nationalism .

With the outbreak of the Huguenot Wars in 1562, Jacques de Sores turned to the Protestant Kingdom of Navarre . Queen Jeanne d'Albret appointed him Vice Admiral ; de Sores sailed under the Navarre flag. His home port at the time was the Huguenot fortress La Rochelle .

In 1570 he cruised between Madeira and the Canary Islands with five ships . On July 15, his team boarded at La Palma the ship of the Jesuits - Provincial of Brazil, Inacio de Azevedo . Jacques de Sores had de Azevedo and all the other Jesuits on board killed except for one. The Jesuits were later beatified and are referred to as the Forty Martyrs of Brazil .

literature

  • Saturnino Ullivarri: Piratas y corsarios en Cuba. Renacimiento, 2004 (Spanish)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ignatius de Azevedo, B. . In: Johann E. Stadler , Franz Joseph Heim, Johann N. Ginal (eds.): Complete Lexicon of Saints ... , Volume 3 ([I] K – L), B. Schmid'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (A. Manz ), Augsburg 1869, pp.  24–29 ..
  2. ↑ Les Anges noirs de la liberté, Géo no.269, July 2001 (French)
  3. ^ Angus Konstam: Piracy: the complete history. P. 47 (English)
  4. ^ Ted Henken: Cuba: A Global Studies Handbook. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara 2008, p. 41 (English)
personal data
SURNAME Sores, Jacques de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sourie, Jacob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Huguenot privateer
DATE OF BIRTH 16th Century
PLACE OF BIRTH Dieppe , Normandy
DATE OF DEATH 16th century or 17th century