Jakob Locher

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Jakob Locher (Latin Jacobus , called Philomusus ; * late July 1471 in Ehingen ; † December 4, 1528 in Ingolstadt ) was a humanistic dramatist, philologist and translator.

Ship of Fools memorial in honor of Locher in Ehingen

Live and act

In Hoc Libello, 1513

Jakob came to Ulm from Ehingen in 1483 . As a student at the Ulm Latin School, he lived with his uncle, the then councilor and mayor Konrad Locher.

Jakob studied in Basel with Sebastian Brant , from 1488 in Freiburg with Konrad Stürtzel and from 1489 in Ingolstadt. From 1492 to 1493 he traveled to Italy. But neither in Italy nor in Germany did he obtain a degree. Since 1495 he was again in Freiburg, where he in 1497 from the Roman-German King I. Maximilian for poet laureate was crowned. In 1497 he published the Opuscula: Panegyricus ad Maximilianum Tragoedia de Turcis et Soldano. Dialogus de heresiarchis . Strasbourg, Johann Grüninger, 1497.

In 1498 he was succeeded Konrad Celtes professor for poetry and rhetoric in Ingolstadt, but in 1503 after arguments with the scholastic theologian Georg Zingel he moved to Freiburg, where he published a pamphlet against Zingel under the title Apologia . His idiosyncrasy made himself unpopular, e.g. B. he also gave lectures on Sundays and public holidays. He was dismissed by the academic senate of Freiburg and returned to Ingolstadt in 1506. Here he published his three-volume polemic against scholastic theology under the title Vitiosa sterilis Mulae ad Musam roscida lepiditate praeditam comparatio . In the twenty years of his teaching activity, the University of Ingolstadt was a center of humanistic education in Germany.

He married in September 1515. Four sons died early, the surviving son Joachim received Johannes Eck as guardian .

He remained loyal to the Catholic Church even after the outbreak of the Reformation .

In addition to his Tragedia de Thurcis et Sudlano from 1497, Locher's fame was based above all on his adaptation and translation of Sebastian Brant's Ship of Fools into Latin ( Stultifera navis , 1497) and the first great Horace edition in Germany in 1498. He also wrote textbooks for use in teaching such as the Grammatica nova from 1495, other dramas, hymns, elegies and lyric poems.

coat of arms

On May 12, 1497, King Maximilian I conferred the nobility on several men, namely Konrad zu Ulm and his brother Berchtold, imperial secretary, then also to Konrad's son, Sigmund and Jakob, already professor of rhetoric in Basel and Strasbourg and on Bartolomäus Locher, cousins ​​of Konrad. Maximilian allowed them to increase their coat of arms (a unicorn leaping to the left on a triple cloud-split ceiling) with that of the extinct family of the Lords of Epfingen near Ehingen. Kaspar and Baltasar Locher received the letter of arms on January 23, 1534. On January 24, 1607, Archduke Maximilian III improved . the Dr. jur. Georg von Locher added the coat of arms to the hereditary nobility.

Works (selection)

  • Carmen de sancta Catharina . With dedication letter from the author to Christoph von Schrofenstein. With a poem to the reader by Johann Bergmann and on Locher by Sebastian Brant. Woodcut by Albrecht Dürer (?). Bergmann, Basel 1496. ( digitized version )
  • Epitoma rhetorices graphicum . Riederer, Freiburg (after 1496). ( Digitized version )
  • Libri Philomusi. Panegyrici ad Rege [m]. Tragedia de Thurcis et Suldano Dyalog [us] de heresiarchis . Grüninger, Strasbourg 1497. ( digitized version )
  • Threnodia in laudem Hedwigis Illustrissimi principis Georgij Comitis palatini rheni ac Bauariae ducis. co [n] iugis sincerissime Threnodia sive funebris lamentatio in laudem inclite matron Hedvigis ex Polonorum regum stirpe prognate . Froschauer, Augsburg 1502. ( digitized version )
  • Spectaculum more tragico effigiatum in quo christianissimi reges adversum truculentissimos Thurcos consilium ineunt expeditionemque bellicam istituunt, inibi salubris pro fide tuenda exhoertatio Spectaculum de iudicio Paridis . Froschauer, Augsburg 1502. ( digitized version )
  • Apologia Iacobi Locher Philomusi contra poetarum acerrimum hostem Georgium Zingel theologum Ingolstadiensem Xynochylensem . Grüninger, Strasbourg 1503. ( digitized version )
  • Jacobi Locher Philomusi Sueui In anticategoriam rectoris cuiusdam et conciliabuli Gymnasii Ingolstadiensis responsio compendiosa . Lamparter, Basel 1505. ( digitized version )
  • Rosarium celestis curie . Peypus, Nuremberg 1512. ( digitized version )
  • In Hoc Libello Iacobi Locheri Philomusi Sueui Infrascripta poematia continentur: Epiodion de morte Plutonis: & D [a] emonu [m] . Othmar, Augsburg 1513
  • Compendium rhetorices, ex Tulliano thesauro diductum ac concionatum . Beck, Strasbourg 1518. ( digitized version )
  • Exhortatio heroica Iacobi Locher Philomusi ad Principes Germaniae & status pro serenissimo Romanorum ac Hispaniarum Rege Carolo, contra hostes sacrosancti Imperii detestabiles . Otmar, Augsburg 1521. ( digitized version )

literature

  • Wilhelm Kühlmann, Rüdiger Niehl: Locher (Philomusus), Jakob . In: Franz Josef Worstbrock (ed.): Author's Lexicon German Humanism 1480-1520 , Vol. 2. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2009, Sp. 62–86.
  • Bernhard Coppel: Jakob Locher Philomusus (1471–1528). Love of the muses as a maxim. In: Paul Gerhard Schmidt (Ed.): Humanism in the German Southwest. Biographical profiles. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 2000, ISBN 3-7995-4166-7 , pp. 151-178
  • Cora Dietl : The dramas of Jacob Locher and the early humanist stage in southern Germany . De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-018350-1
  • Dieter Mertens : Jacobus Locher Philomusus as a humanistic teacher at the University of Tübingen . In: Baussteine zur Tübingen University History 3, 1987, pp. 11–38 ( full text )
  • Peter Ukena:  Locher, Jakob. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , pp. 743 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

Wikisource: Jakob Locher  - Sources and full texts
personal data
SURNAME Locher, Jakob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Philomusus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION humanistic German playwright, philologist and translator
DATE OF BIRTH July 1471
PLACE OF BIRTH Ehingen
DATE OF DEATH December 4, 1528
Place of death Ingolstadt