James March

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James Gardner March (born January 15, 1928 in Cleveland ; † September 27, 2018 ) was an American organizational theorist and most recently Professor Emeritus of Management , Higher Education, Political Science and Sociology at Stanford University in California.

Life

The high school ended March 1945 in Madison , after his family moved there in 1937 vice. With a bachelor's degree in political science , March moved to Yale University for his doctorate . Working with political scientists like Robert Dahl or VO Key , economists like Charles Lindblom , anthropologists like George Peter Murdoch or sociologists like Fred Strodtbeck aroused interest in social sciences in general in March.

Well versed in the tools of mathematics, March set out to investigate how people in organizations make decisions. At the same time, March's multidisciplinary approach was new for his time and made him an interesting candidate for collaboration in research projects. Richard Cyert and Herbert A. Simon recruited March, who then moved to the Carnegie Institute of Technology, now Carnegie Mellon University . Here, March became a driving force in the development of behavioral economics alongside Cyert and Simon .

March's main research area at Carnegie was organizations, the organizational behavior approach, and the concept of power in organizations. He taught as a professor of industrial management and psychology at Carnegie until 1964 and then moved to the University of California, Irvine , where he taught as a professor of sociology and psychology and headed the school as dean . In Irvine, March met Michael D. Cohen , with whom he investigated the decision-making process. The result of this collaboration was the trash can model , for which both authors are known to this day.

In 1970 March moved to Stanford University Graduate School of Business. March taught here until his retirement in 1995.

March is considered a classic of organizational research and one of the outstanding representatives of behavioral theory of the firm. In his works he mainly dealt with decision making in organizations . He received a lot of attention for his criticism of prevailing thought principles such as the theory of best choice .

Most important work

The trash can model

He developed the so-called trash can model of the organization. Decision-making processes therefore depend on four factors:

  1. solutions
  2. Problems
  3. Decision-making opportunities
  4. Attendees

Honors

In 1973 March was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences . In 1974 he was accepted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . He was a member of the American Philosophical Society and an external member of the Norwegian Academy of Sciences .

Fonts

  • with Herbert A. Simon : Organizations. 1958; Blackwell, Malden (Mass.) 1993, ISBN 0-631-18631-X
    • Organization and Individual. Human behavior in organizations. Business publishing house Gabler, Wiesbaden 1976, ISBN 3-409-38211-9
  • with Richard M. Cyert : A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. 1963; Blackwell, Malden (Mass.) 1993, ISBN 0-631-17451-6
    • A behavioral theory of the company. Schäffer-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-7910-0686-X
  • with Johan P. Olsen : Ambiguity and choice in organizations. Univ.-Forlaget, Bergen 1987, ISBN 82-00-01960-8
  • (Ed.): Decisions and organizations. Blackwell, Oxford 1988, ISBN 0-631-15812-X
    • Decision and organization. Critical and constructive contributions, developments and perspectives. Gabler, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-409-13125-6
  • with Johan P. Olsen: Rediscovering Institutions. The organizational basis of politics. Free Press, New York 1989, ISBN 0-02-920115-2
  • A primer on decision making. How decisions actually happen. Free Press, New York 1994, ISBN 0-02-920035-0
  • with Johan P. Olsen: Democratic governance. Free Press, New York 1995, ISBN 0-02-874054-8
  • The Pursuit of Organizational Intelligence. Blackwell, Malden, Mass. 1999, ISBN 0-631-21101-2
  • with Martin Schulz & Xueguang Zhou: The Dynamics of Rules. Change in written organizatorial codes. SUP, Stanford, Calif. 2000, ISBN 0-8047-3996-X
  • Two sides of the experience. How organizations get smarter . Carl-Auer, Heidelberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-8497-0119-2

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://theconversation.com/don-quichotte-khoutouzov-james-march-comprendre-les-organisations-humaines-et-le-leadership-104079
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Morgen Witzel: Encyclopedia of History of American Management . A&C Black, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84371-131-5 , pp. 339 ff .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME March, James
ALTERNATIVE NAMES March, James Gardner (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American organizational theorist
DATE OF BIRTH January 15, 1928
PLACE OF BIRTH Cleveland
DATE OF DEATH September 27, 2018