Jan Commelin
Jan Commelin , actually Johannes Commelin (born April 23, 1629 in Leiden ; † January 19, 1692 in Amsterdam ; also Jan Commelijn ) was a Dutch plant dealer and botanist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " J.Commelijn ".
Life
Jan Commelin was the son of Isaac Commelin and Cornelia Bouwer (1607–1641). His father owned a book publisher together with his brother Jacob Commelin (1600–1647). In 1641 the family moved to Amsterdam. He married twice (1652 and 1675).
From 1655 he worked as an independent businessman; He ran a wholesale business for medicinal plants, which he delivered to the hospitals and pharmacies in Amsterdam, but also in other cities in Holland, especially Gouda. In 1672 he was elected as a city councilor to the magistrate ( vroedschap ) of Amsterdam and thus an influential member of society.
His first book, Nederlantze Hesperides (1676), deals with the cultivation of citrus fruits in the Netherlands and is illustrated with 27 panels by Cornelis Kick . From 1678 until his death he edited eleven of the twelve volumes of the Hortus Indicus Malabaricus by Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede tot Draakenstein , whose first volume was the responsibility of Johannes Caesarius and Arnold Seyn.
On November 12, 1682, the Amsterdam magistrate decided to establish a medicinal plant garden and in 1683 commissioned Jan Commelin and Joan Huydecoper van Maarsseveen to manage this Hortus Medicus .
Commelin published the first flora of the Netherlands in 1683 under the title Catalogus plantarum indigenarum Hollandiae .
The publication of his most extensive work Catalogus plantorum horti medici Amstelodamensis rariorum , in which the plants of the Amsterdam Hortus Botanicum are described according to the system of John Ray , he did not live to see. Frederik Ruysch and Franz Kiggelaer edited the first volume and published it posthumously in 1697. His nephew Caspar Commelin , also a botanist, completed the second part and published it in 1701. The work contains 223 plates, most of which were drawn by Johan and Maria Moninckx .
Honor taxon
Charles Plumier named the Commelins honor the genus Commelina the plant family of commelinaceae (Commelinaceae). Carl von Linné later took over this name.
Fonts (selection)
- Nederlantze Hesperides . 1676.
- Catalogus plantarum indigenarum Hollandiae . 1683.
- Horti medici Amstelodamensis rariorum… 1697–1701.
proof
literature
- Wilfrid Blunt : The Art of Botanical Illustration: An Illustrated History . Dover Publications, 1994. ISBN 0-486-27265-6
- Gordon Douglas Rowley : A History of Succulent Plants . Strawberry Press, 1997. ISBN 0-912647-16-0
- DO Wijnands: The Botany of the Commelins: A taxonomical, nomenclatural, and historical account of the plants depicted in the Moninckx Atlas and in the four books by Jan and Caspar Commelin on the plants in the Hortus Medicus Amstelodamensis, 1682-1710 . Balkema, Rotterdam, 1983. ISBN 90-6191-262-8 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Charles Plumier: Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera . Leiden 1703, p. 48.
- ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica . Leiden 1737, p. 92.
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum . Leiden 1742, p. 23.
Web links
- Author entry and list of the plant names described for Jan Commelin at the IPNI
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Commelin, Jan |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Commelijn, Jan |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch botanist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 23, 1629 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Suffer |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 19, 1692 |
| Place of death | Amsterdam |