Joasch (Judah)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Joasch , († 800 or 796 or 797 BC) was king of Judah . His reign is dated to the years 837-800 BC. BC or 835–796 BC BC or 836–797 BC Dated.

etymology

The Hebrew personal name "Joasch" has been handed down in two different spellings: יוֹאָשׁ jô'āš and (less often)יְהוֹאָשׁ jəhô'āš . It is a verb sentence name, consisting of subject and predicate. Subject (and at the same time theophoric element) is a form of " YHWH " (יוֹ jô orיְהוֹ jəhô ), the predicate is derived from the verb root, which is otherwise not biblically provenאושׁ 'ûš , German ' give away ' . The name can be translated as "YHWH has given". The Septuagint gives the name as Ιωας Iōas , the Vulgate as Ioas .

Biblical narration

Joash was the only surviving son of King Ahaziah and came from the house of David . According to the biblical record, his grandmother Ataliah , who had become sole ruler after the death of Ahaziah, had the rest of his relatives killed. However, Joasch escaped the massacre because he was saved by Joscheba and hidden under the care of the YHWH priest Jojada . He had Joasch declared king of Judah in the sixth year of the rule of Atalja - Joasch was just seven years old. Atalja was surprised by the rebellion and was murdered on the orders of YHWH priest Jojada.

2 Chr 24  EU reports that Joash's rule during the lifetime of the priest Jojada was pleasing to God and that he ensured the preservation of the YHWH temple. After the death of Jehoiada, however, he deviated from this path, whereupon the Arameans invaded the countryas punishment. Particularly reprehensible in the Bible is the stoning of the prophet Zechariah (not identical with Zechariah, son of Bekiah, the author of the biblical book), who was a son of Jehoiada and who criticized him ( 2 Chr 24.20-22  EU ). Later there was a conspiracy against Joasch, to which he fell victim after 40 years of government. Amaziah was his successor.

Extra-biblical sources

In 2001, an inscription was reported about repairs to Solomon's temple in the time of Joash. The authenticity of this inscription has been questioned by many historians.

reception

Pietro Metastasio created the libretto for the oratorio Gioas re di Giuda , which was first performed in 1735.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b William Foxwell Albright .
  2. ^ A b Edwin R. Thiele : The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings . Kregel, 1994, ISBN 0-8254-3825-X , p. 10 (there Joash ).
  3. ↑ a b Hartmut Rosenau:  JOAS (Joasch), King of Juda. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 3, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-035-2 , Sp. 120-121.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  4. ↑ Hans Rechenmacher : Old Hebrew names , Münster 2012, p. 156.
predecessor Office successor
Atalja King of Judah
835–796 BC Chr. 		Amaziah
personal data
SURNAME Joasch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Joas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Judah (around 835–796 BC)
DATE OF BIRTH 9th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH around 800–796 BC Chr.