Johann III. (Brabant)

Johann III. , called the Triumphator , (* 1300 ; † December 5, 1355 in Brussels ) was Duke of Brabant and Limburg from 1312 to 1355. He was the only child of Duke John II and his wife Margaret of England .

Act

At the beginning of his rule he had to struggle on the one hand with the problem that the property of the Brabant citizens abroad had been confiscated due to the debts of the dukes John I and John II, on the other hand with the fact that the advisers of the young duke the charter von Kortenberg did not respect them. Both problems were solved by the fact that one accepted the charter and the other assumed the duke's debts in return.

The attempt of the French king , Flanders isolate economically, led to controversy with Brabant, as this was contrary to the economic interests of the Duchy. In 1315 he supported the Bishop of Liège , Adolf II von der Mark , in the uprising of his subjects.

At the beginning of the Hundred Years War Johann stood on the side of England and accompanied its King Edward III. on his campaigns. In return, Philip VI. of France again seize the Brabant property abroad, which led to an uprising of the citizens of Brussels against their duke. Johann III. responded by beheading one of the leaders. From 1340 he broke away from England and leaned closer to France, married his daughters to French allies, the Duke of Luxembourg , the Count of Flanders and Duke Rainald III. von Geldern , as well as his heir Heinrich with a four-year-old daughter of the French Crown Prince Johann .

On May 13, 1351, Duke Johann and his son Duke Gottfried von Limburg (* 1347, † 1352) agreed with Kurköln and the cities of Cologne and Aachen the Maas-Rhine peace alliance for ten years .

Since Johann's three sons died before him and had no male offspring themselves, his eldest daughter Johanna inherited the duchies.

Marriage and offspring

In 1311 he married Marie d'Evreux (* 1303; † 1335), daughter of Louis of France , Count of Évreux and Margaret of Artois . Your children were:

• Johanna (* 1322; † 1406), Duchess of Brabant and Limburg, ⚭ (I) 1334 Wilhelm von Avesnes (* 1318; † 1345), Count of Hainaut and Holland ( House of Avesnes ), ⚭ (II) 1352 Wenceslaus I ( * 1337; † 1383), Duke of Luxembourg
• Margarete (* 1323; † 1380), ⚭ 1347 Ludwig von Male (* 1330; † 1384), Count of Flanders
• Maria (* 1325; † 1399), ⚭ 1347 Rainald III. the fat (* 1333; † 1371), Duke of Geldern
• Johann (* November 24, 1327; † 1335/36) ⚭ 1332 in Paris (marriage not consummated) Marie, * probably 1326, † September 22, 1333 probably in Paris, daughter of Philip VI. and Joan of Burgundy , buried in the Couvent des Cordelières in Paris ;
• Heinrich († November 29, 1349) ⚭ June 21, 1347 in Vincennes Castle (marriage not consummated) Johanna (Jeanne), * June 24, 1343 in Châteauneuf-sur-Loire , † November 3, 1373 in Évreux , daughter of Johann II the good , King of France , buried in the basilica of Saint-Denis ;
• Gottfried († 1352)

literature

• Académie royale de Belgique (Ed.): Biography Nationale de Belgique . Volume 10, Brussels 1889
• Heinrich Neu:  Johann III .. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 471 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Detlev Schwennicke: " European family tables ". Volume I.2 (1999), plate 238
• Karl Theodor Wenzelburger :  Johann III, the Victorious, Duke of Brabant and Limburg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 149 f.

Web links

Commons : Johann III.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Literature in the OPAC of the Regesta Imperii

predecessor	Office	successor
Johann II.	Duke of Brabant Duke of Limburg Margrave of Antwerp 1312–1355	Johanna