Johann Philipp Engelhard

Johann Philipp Engelhard, ca.1810

Johann Philipp Nikolaus Engelhard (born January 21, 1753 in Kassel ; † January 27, 1818 in Kassel) was a German lawyer.

origin

Engelhard came from a family of court officials in Kassel. He was the oldest of eight children of Regnerus Engelhard (1717–1777), a Hessian First Council of War and historian of Kassel, and his wife Karoline Friederike, née. Pritzier (1724–1797), daughter of a Hessisch-Cassel chamber councilor and senior salt inspector.

His grandfather, Johannes Engelhard (1680–1725), was a valet, kitchen master and later steward of Prince Georg von Hessen-Kassel .

Life

Engelhard was taught first by his father, then by Wilhelm Johann Casparson (1729–1802) and the court painter Johann Heinrich Tischbein . From 1768 he attended the Collegium Carolinum in Kassel and heard from natural law specialist Julius Friedrich Höpfner . In the summer semester of 1770 he began studying law at the University of Marburg . On October 27, 1772 he moved to the Göttingen University.

From September 29, 1773 he was back in Kassel after completing his studies. In 1775 he became an unpaid Princely Accessist , a year later an auditor and secretary at the War College, an institution of the financial administration. In 1780 he was appointed Real War Secretary, later he became a war council. Most recently, Engelhard was Kurhessischer Privy Councilor and director of the War College in Kassel. In 1808 he was appellate judge at the college.

He also remained in service during the Westphalian interregnum period under Jérôme Bonaparte . He and his wife were close friends with Georg Forster and the Brothers Grimm , we met often. Engelhard also had a trusting relationship with the princely regent. A few days after his 65th birthday, Engelhard died of a stroke. In the "Casselschen Polizei- und Commerzien-Zeitung" the corresponding death note appeared on January 31, 1818: Mr. Johann Philipp Nicolaus Engelhard, Privy Councilor and Director of the First Department of the General War Collegii, aged 65 years.

family

On September 24, 1780 Engelhard got engaged to Philippine Gatterer , the daughter of the universal scholar and Göttingen professor Johann Christoph Gatterer in Göttingen . He had met her in 1779 on the occasion of a visit to his old teacher, Johann Heinrich Tischbein, in his house in Kassel, at Bellevue 11. After two proclamations on the 24th and 25th post Trinity in Göttingen's Marienkirche , the two married on November 23, 1780 in a church in today's parish of Rosdorf near Göttingen. The couple had 10 children, including the later writer Karoline Engelhard (1781–1855), the Kassel Higher Court Director Wilhelm Gotthelf Engelhard and Luise Wilhelmine Engelhard (1787–1875), who was to marry the Magdeburg industrialist Johann Gottlob Nathusius .

plant

• Attempt on the true concept of marriage and the rights when it is established in the prince. Hessen-Casselischen Landen. Printing and publishing of the orphanage, Cassel 1776.

References and comments

1. ↑ published posthumously by Regnerus Engelhard: Erdbeschreibung der Hessische Lande Casselischen Antheiles with notes from history. Kassel 1778.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Wolfgang Ollrog (arr.): Johann Christoph Gatterer, the founder of scientific genealogy. An examination of the previously known sources and publications about his origins, his life and work as well as his descendants . On behalf of the Genealogical-Heraldic Society based in Göttingen, Archive for Family Research and All Related Areas with Practical Research Aid, Volume 47, Issue 81/82, February 1981, CA Starke Verlag (Ed.), Limburg / Lahn 1981, p 26ff.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Ruth Stummann-Bowert: Philippine Engelhard, nee Gatterer. A bourgeois woman's life between enlightenment and sensitivity. In: Traudel Weber-Reich (ed.): "Worth getting to know". Important women of Göttingen. Wallstein, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-89244-207-X , p. 30.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Ruth Stummann-Bowert (ed.): Philippine Engelhard born, Gatterer (1756-1831), "Let the art of poetry accompany me until the last life cycle". Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8260-3922-5 .
5. ^ Inge Stephan (ed.): Works in two volumes. Deutscher Klassiker-Verlag, 2002, p. 996.
6. ↑ Stefan Brakensiek: Prince servants, state officials, citizens: administration and living environment of local officials in small towns in Lower Hesse 1750-1830. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1999, ISBN 3-525-35677-3 , p. 200.
7. ↑ p. 160
8. ↑ At the request of the Göttingen publisher Dieterich , who wanted to depict the Philippine Gatterer in the Göttingen Musenalmanach of 1781, Tischbein was to make a portrait.
9. ↑ Engelhard later formulated: Her lively mind and gentle heart, which is just as visible in her lively social interaction as in her poems, made me want to spend my days by her hand. Strieder (p. 362), quoted in Ruth Stummann-Bowert: Philippine Engelhard, née Gatterer. In: Traudel Weber-Reich (ed.): "Worth getting to know". Important women of Göttingen. Wallstein, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-89244-207-X , p. 31.

literature

• Georg Christoph Hamberger, Johann Georg Meusel (Fortges.): The learned Teutschland. Or lexicon of German writers living now. Meyer, Lemgo 1796-1834.
• Johann Christian Koppe (edit.): Lexicon of the legal writers and academic teachers now living in Germany. Volume 1, Kummer, Leipzig 1793.
• Johann Heinrich Stepf: Gallery of all juridical authors from the oldest to the present time. Leipzig 1820-1825.
• Friedrich Wilhelm Strieder: Basis for a Hessian scholar and writer story. From the Reformation to the present day. L. Wachler (Ed.): Volume 3, Kassel, p. 359 ff.
• Christoph Wendlich: Christoph Weidlichs Biographical News from the legal scholars living now in Germany. With a preface to the current state of legal literature in Germany. Hall 1781.