Regnerus Engelhard

Regnerus Engelhard (born October 30, 1717 in Kassel ; † December 9, 1777 in Kassel-Oberneustadt) was a Hessian civil servant, author and topographer .

origin

His father was Johannes Engelhard (1680–1725), a valet, kitchen master and steward of Prince Georg von Hessen-Kassel . His mother was Anna Elisabeth Chuno (1694–1762), the daughter of Regnerus Chuno, a secret registrar in Kassel, and Anna Katharina, born. Wolfert. Engelhard's paternal grandfather was Caspar Engelhard (1636–1705), initially a baker in Melsungen , registered as a citizen in Kassel from 1664, where he also worked as a baker and also church elder and "tribunus plebis" as well as a councilor (1685) in the Kassel Oberneustadt.

Life

Engelhard's father had accompanied Prince Georg von Hessen-Kassel on his travels to Italy and Hungary - when he died in 1725, the prince supported the then eight-year-old son. Engelhard was initially trained at the Collegium Carolinum in Kassel, and from 1736 he studied law at the Philipps University in Marburg. Here he was a student of the polymath and natural law specialist Christian Wolff . He later moved to the universities in Jena and Leipzig .

In 1741 Engelhard became a Hessian regimental auditor, and in this function took part in campaigns to Hanover , Brabant (1742) and in the Rhine and Main region. In 1744 he became secretary and auditor at the General War Commission in Kassel, and in 1755 he was promoted to the High Princely Hessian War Council. He died in Kassel in 1777.

author

Engelhard published on legal and regional topics. His work "An attempt at a general embarrassing right derived from the principles of world wisdom, and especially the law of nature" is based on the theses of his Marburg teacher Wolff. In this writing from 1756 Engelhard also defended the persistence of torture.

Engelhard completed the first part of an important topographical and regional work six weeks before his death. It already appeared posthumously in 1778. A second part was published in 1781 by his son, Johann Philipp Engelhard . In the introduction to the first part, the author formulated the aim of his work:

“ A description of the Hessian lands, which belong to the noble house of Hessencassel, to whom could such be devoted for more reasons than to the most noble regent, by whom these lands are ruled with so much grace and paternal care, who enjoy excellent happiness. This consideration alone places me in the most submissive obligation Ew. Hochfürstl. Your Highness, my most gracious lord, hereby humbly lay this attempt at your feet in the deepest reverence. And I may dare to do this with so much greater submissive confidence: since the very highest of them have rested in favor of graciously approving my project, and graciously allowing the publication of my minor work. But the duty of the most submissive gratitude connects me in particular: Since Ew. Hochfürstl. Your nobles have graciously deigned to entrust me with such business, whereby I had the opportunity to gain a closer knowledge of these countries, their position and internal constitution; Knowledge which, in one way or another, has a useful influence in all kinds of business. To my esteemed citizens and others, who are graciously ordered to do business like this, to pave a closer and easier path to it, and thereby contribute something to the common good, is therefore primarily my intention ... "

- Regnerus Engelhard, 1777

The geographer and publisher Anton Friedrich Büsching , in his weekly news of new country charts, geographical, statistical and historical books and things in April 1780, praised the elaboration of Engelhard, who had already died, as completely appropriate to the circumstances. The representation of the cities, towns, villages and goods in Hessen-Kassel with their location and distance from one another, as well as the property and court relationships, sometimes also historical considerations and the listing of offices ... is a good contribution to a correct and a more detailed description of the German Empire . The work also deals with the French colonists in Upper and Lower Hesse. Engelhard's book can be viewed as a typical topographical-statistical description of time as a preliminary stage to geographical studies.

family

On April 23, 1752 Engelhard married in Kassel-Oberneustadt Karoline Friedrike Pritzier (1724–1797), the daughter of Johann Nikolaus Pritzier, a Hessian chamber councilor, chief salt inspector and chief architect of Kassel and Anna Catharina, née. Fichter from Kassel. They had eight children, the oldest son was the aforementioned Johann Philipp Engelhard.

References and comments

1. ↑ according to Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies , Vol. 59–60, Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies (ed.), G. Fischer, 1934, pp. 260f.
2. ↑ ^{a b} according to Wolfgang Ollrog (editing), Johann Christoph Gatterer, the founder of scientific genealogy. An examination of the previously known sources and publications about his origins, his life and work as well as his descendants . On behalf of the Genealogical-Heraldic Society based in Göttingen, Archive for Family Research and All Related Areas with Practical Research Aid, Volume 47, Issue 81/82, February 1981, CA Starke Verlag (Ed.), Limburg / Lahn, 1981 ( P. 27)
3. ↑ according to Reinhard von Frank , Des Regnerus Engelhard embarrassing right. A contribution to the knowledge and assessment of Wolff's legal philosophy , Hesse & Becker, 1887, p. 13
4. ↑ according to of the Economic Encyclopedia (1773-1858) by Johann Georg Krünitz was a regimental auditor an auditor or secretary at the regimental court
5. ↑ according to Reinhard von Frank, Des Regnerus Engelhard embarrassing right. A contribution to the knowledge and assessment of Wolff's legal philosophy, possibly Dissertation, Hesse & Becker, 1887, p. 16
6. ↑ according to Robert Zagolla, In the Name of Truth. Torture in Germany from the Middle Ages to today , Bebra, 2006, p. 94
7. ↑ according to Archive for the history of philosophy , Volume 3, Walter de Gruyter (Ed.), De Gruyter, 1890, p. 116ff.
8. ↑ according to Earth description of the Hessian lands ... , see work
9. ↑ according to Anton Friederich Büsching, weekly news of new land charts, geographical, statistical and historical books and things , eighth year, 1780, Haude and Spener, Berlin 1781, p. 121
10. ↑ according to Medicus, young u. a., Remarks of the Kuhrpfälzische physical-economic society , Mannheim and Lautern 1781, p. 251
11. ↑ according to Johannes Hofmeister (University of Freiburg), From the country chronicle to the travel guide. State descriptions of Hesse from the 17th to 19th centuries Century in the historical-geographical context, the day before a workshop of the Marburg Geographical Society on January 14, 2009

plant

• Specimen juris feudorum naturalis methodo scientifica conscriptum , Christian Langenheim, Leipzig 1742
• Specimen juris militum naturalis methodo scientifica conscriptum , Weidmann, Frankfurt and Leipzig 1754
• Attempt at a general embarrassing right derived from the principles of world wisdom, and especially the law of nature , Weidmann, Leipzig 1756
• Specimen iuris militaris naturalis , 1759
• Earth description of the Hessian lands of Kasselische Antheils with notes from history and from documents , 2 parts, Verlag des Waisenhauses, Kassel 1778 first part and 1778 second part

literature

• Carl Altmüller :  Engelhard, Regnerus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 138.
• General scholarly lexicon. Continuation and additions to Christian Gottlieb Jöcher's general lexicon of scholars, in which the writers of all classes are described according to their most distinguished living conditions and writings , Gleditsch, Leipzig a. a. 1784-1897
• Friedrich Carl Gottlob Hirsching (Ed.), Historical-literary handbook of famous and memorable people who died in the 18th century. Or brief biographical and historical news of famous emperors, kings, princes, great generals, statesmen, popes, archbishops and bishops, cardinals, scholars of all sciences, painters, sculptors, mechanics, artists , Leipzig 1794–1815
• Walther Killy and Rudolf Vierhaus (eds.), Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie , Saur, Munich 1995–1999
• Johann Georg Meusel , Lexicon of the German writers who died between 1750 and 1800 , Fleischer, Leipzig 1802-1815
• Johann Heinrich Stepf, gallery of all juridical authors from the oldest to the present time , Leipzig 1820–1825
• Friedrich Wilhelm Strieder, basis for a Hessian history of scholars and writers from the Reformation to the present day , Kassel 1780–1863
• Christoph Weidlich , Christoph Weidlich's Lexicon or brief descriptions of the lives of all legal scholars living now , in alphabetical order, Grunert, Halle 1766