Johann Rudolf Heinrich Richter

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Johann Rudolf Heinrich Richter (born March 21, 1748 in Bayreuth ; † 1810 in Berlin ) was a German architect and landscape painter who worked as a construction clerk in Potsdam at the end of the 18th century under the government of Frederick II and his successor . His buildings show as Zopfstil late designated baroque Frederician embossing at the beginning of the transition to classicism .

Life

Richter was a son of the architect and court building inspector Rudolf Heinrich Richter († 1770), who had worked for the Margrave of Bayreuth since 1730 . Richter trained as a painter and architect with his father and later with Per Krafft the Elder and Carl von Gontard . From 1779 he worked at the "Königlichen Bau-Comptoir" in Potsdam as a conductor under the direction of Georg Christian Ungers and Heinrich Ludwig Mangers .

From 1782 a considerable number of town houses were built in Potsdam based on Richter's designs. In 1787 Johann Rudolf Heinrich Richter was appointed court building inspector under King Friedrich Wilhelm II .

His brother Johann Christian Richter (the younger one) had previously also been employed at the Bau-Comptoir for a few years, but went to Kulmbach as a surveyor because of the low income .

architecture

Potsdam, Bürgerhaus Brandenburger Strasse 1, JRH Richter 1785

Richter's buildings fit into the late Frederician architecture of the plait style. The facade designs by Carl von Gontard and Georg Christian Ungers shaped the designs by Andreas Ludwig Krüger , Johann Gottlob Schulze , Johann Christian Valentin Schultze and Richter.

With the work of these architects, a type of town house emerged in the 1770s that, through the grouping of facades and their arrangement in the block fronts, satisfied the royal need for representation, but at the same time also met the bourgeois demands on living and affordable maintenance of the houses. Before that, numerous civil buildings had been built in Potsdam based on the model of palace buildings built or planned in other places, which did not meet the requirements for bourgeois living spaces and financially overstrained the owners in terms of maintenance.

However, the architecture in the late period of King Frederick II hardly provided any artistic impetus for the future. Under Friedrich's successor, his ambitious building program was only continued in a rudimentary manner. Various houses built after 1786 are ascribed to Johann Rudolf Heinrich Richter in literature. He was "one of the Potsdam architects who stuck to plaited architecture the longest, even after the classicist style of design began to take hold."

Buildings in Potsdam

The assignment of individual buildings to the architects working in Potsdam is often controversial. Manger's statements are only very summary, but in addition to stylistic comparisons, they form the basis for the attributions reproduced in later literature.

  • 1782/1783: Charlottenstrasse 120/121
  • 1782: Kiezstrasse 10
  • 1782/1783: Kiezstrasse 11, 12, 13
  • 1783: Charlottenstrasse 1, 99/100/101
  • 1784: Spornstrasse 3, 4, 5
  • 1785: Brandenburger Strasse 1, 72
  • 1785: Hermann-Elflein-Strasse 1, 38
  • 1785: Schopenhauerstraße 14/15/16, 17/18
  • 1786: Brandenburger Strasse 8
  • 1786: Hermann-Elflein-Strasse 15, 16, 17, 18
  • 1786: Hermann-Elflein-Strasse 21/22/23, 24
  • 1786: Kiezstrasse 16, 20/21/22
  • 1788: Kiezstraße 24 / 24a (not preserved)

Paintings and drawings

In the Print Room Berlin 15 drawings judge are kept, including a landscape at Potsdam . In addition, there are two drawn sheets, probably intended as drafts for a stage prospect, each with a perspective of Capriccio's ancient ruins .

  • Capriccio with remains of ancient ruins

  • Pen drawing 1802

  • Pen drawing 1802

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Rudolf Heinrich Richter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Kaspar Nagler : Richter, Rudolph Heinrich . In: New general artist lexicon; ... EA Fleischmann, Munich 1835, p. 143–144 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
  2. ^ Heinrich Ludwig Manger: Heinrich Ludewig Manger's building history of Potsdam, especially under the government of King Frederick the Second. Volume 3, Berlin / Stettin 1790, p. 645 ( digi-hub.de ).
  3. ^ Heinrich Ludwig Manger: Heinrich Ludewig Manger's building history of Potsdam, especially under the government of King Frederick the Second. 3rd volume, Berlin / Stettin 1790, p. 637 ( digi-hub.de ).
  4. ↑ Hans Kania: Potsdamer Baukunst - a representation of their historical development . Max Jalckel, Potsdam 1915, p. 40 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  5. ^ Friedrich Mielke: Potsdam architecture. Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-549-05668-0 , p. 50.
  6. ↑ Hans-Joachim Giersberg: The Potsdamer Bürgerhaus around 1800. 1965, p. 24.
  7. ^ Heinrich Ludwig Manger: Heinrich Ludewig Manger's building history of Potsdam, especially under the government of King Frederick the Second. Volume 3, Berlin / Stettin 1790, p. 810 ( digi-hub.de ).
  8. ↑ Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 59.
  9. ↑ a b c d Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 49.
  10. ^ Friedrich Mielke: The community center in Potsdam. 1972, Volume II, T 83.
  11. ↑ Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 58 f.
  12. ↑ Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 56
  13. ↑ Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 49 f.
  14. ↑ a b Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 46
  15. ↑ Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 55.
  16. ↑ Ingrid Bartmann-Kompa among others: Architectural and art monuments in Potsdam. Berlin 1990, p. 47.
personal data
SURNAME Judge, Johann Rudolf Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and landscape painter, Prussian construction officer
DATE OF BIRTH March 21, 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Bayreuth
DATE OF DEATH 1810
Place of death Berlin