Johann Thölde

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Johann Thölde (* around 1565 in Grebendorf ; † around 1614 ) was a German alchemist , salinist , author and editor . He is important as the " grandfather of Saltzsiede science " and as editor of the writings of Basilius Valentinus .

biography

Johann Thölde was born around 1565 (earlier) in Grebendorf near Eschwege . His family had been directly or indirectly connected to the saltworks in Allendorf an der Werra for several generations , where grandfather Valentin Thölde († 1559) had worked as a salt grave in the salt works near Allendorf and his father Bastian Thölde († 1603) was a member of the pan committee and had owned shares in the salt works. Johann's mother Anna came from the Schrendeisen family and was a granddaughter of Job Schrendeisen and Elisabeth von Wildungen.

Johann Thölde enrolled at the University of Erfurt in 1580 and at the University of Jena in 1583 . Together with his brother Otto, he tried out technical improvements for salt production in Allendorf, but at least partially failed. In 1599 he married in the saltworks town of Frankenhausen am Kyffhäuser and held the office of councilor there . In 1608 he can be traced back to the principality of the principality of Bamberg . His further fate is still unknown. In any case, he died before the end of 1614.

Thölde became known through the publication of the alchemical writings of unidentified Benedictine monk Basil Valentine , he is considered mainly for their actual author, but also by the publication of a antimony -Schrift Alexander of addictions . In 1603 he published the Haligraphia under his own name (2nd edition 1612 under the title Haliographia ), in which he brought together all of the then known knowledge about vacuum salt extraction and described over 50 salt works in Central Europe.

Works

  • Proces book for Moritz the scholar , Kassel 1594 (manuscript, edited by Hans Gerhard Lenz, see literature)
  • Report of the pale sickness of the red dysentery. Erfurt 1599
  • Haligraphia, that is, thorough and specific description of all salt minerals. Leipzig 1603
  • Examen und Ivdicivm deß well-described fountain [...] which before ancient times was used by the Dannenbron. Bamberg 1608

See also

literature

  • Hans Gerhard Lenz: Johann Thölde. A Paracelsist and “Chymicus” and his relationship with Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel . Dissertation, University of Marburg 1981.
  • Claus Priesner: Johann Thölde and the writings of Basilius Valentinus . In: Christoph Meinel (Htsg.): Alchemy in the European history of culture and science (Wolfenbütteler research; Vol. 32). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1986, pp. 107-118, ISBN 3-447-02655-3 .
  • Oliver Humberg: New light on the life story of Johann Thölde . In: Hans Gerhard Lenz (Hrsg.): Triumphwagen des Antimons. Basilius Valentinus, Keckring, Kirchweger; Text, comments, studies . Humberg Verlag, Elberfeld 2004, pp. 353-374, ISBN 3-9802788-7-5 .
  • Hans-Henning Walter: Johann Thölde and the saltworks . In: Johann Thölde (author), Hans-Henning Walter and Claus Priesner (eds.): Haligraphia. Description of all salt minerals and salt dwarfs . Drei-Birken-Verlag, Freiberg 2008, pp. 103–121, ISBN 978-3-936980-03-5 (reprint of the Apel edition, Leipzig 1603).
  • Oliver Humberg: Johann Thölde's report on the Zwönitzer Heilbrunnen in August 1608 . In: Hans-Henning Walter (Ed.): Ernst August Geitner 1783–1852. Chemist, metallurgist, inventor and entrepreneur . Drei-Birken-Verlag, Freiberg 2009, pp. 164–170, ISBN 978-3-936980-25-7 (conference from June 12 to 14, 2008).
  • Hans-Henning Walter (Ed.): Johann Thölde. Alchemist, salinist, writer and mountain official . Drei-Birken-Verlag, Freiberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-936980-28-8 (conference from May 26 to 28, 2010).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Janderson (Author), Hans-Henning Walter (Ed.): List and Explanation of the most distinguished words, tools, buildings and other things as they are used in salt boiling and are now common . Drei-Birken-Verlag, Freiberg 2003, ISBN 3-936980-01-2 , preface (reprint of the edition Muller, Magdeburg 1720).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Thölde, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German alchemist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1565
PLACE OF BIRTH Grebendorf
DATE OF DEATH around 1614