Johann von Flondor
.png)
Johann Ritter von Flondor even Iancu of Flondor (* 3. August 1865 in Storozynetz (Storojineţ) , Austria-Hungary ; † 19th October 1924 in Czernowitz (Cernăuţi) , Kingdom of Romania ), was a doctor of lawyer , kuk and Romanian politicians from of the boyar family Flondor and a pioneer for the unification of Bukovina with Romania before and after the First World War, then Senate President of the Romanian government in Bukovina.
biography
The son of the landowner Georg Ritter von Flondor and the well-known pianist Isabella Dobrowolski von Buchenthal (1835–1890), after graduating from high school in Czernowitz (1884), studied law at the kk University of Vienna , where he received his doctorate.
After discharge from military service with the rank of lieutenant d. R., he began his political activities in 1887 and joined the “young intellectuals” around George Popovici, Constantin Isopescul, Florea Lupul, Georg Wassilko von Serecki , TV Ştefanelli, Constantin Morariu and others who were in opposition to the Romanian conservative wing. The rival parties finally came to an agreement and, after the affair of the country's president Anton Graf Pace, founded the political association “Concordia” in 1892, a forerunner of the Romanian National Party, which was committed to spreading its social base, including the middle class and the peasantry, as well as for a political activity with a pronounced national character began. In the same year, after the death of his father Georg, he and his older brother Nikolaus settled on the common estate in Storojineț.
After the withdrawal of the barons Viktor von Styrczea from political life was Johann deputy chairman of the "Partidul Naţional Român (PNR)" under Ioan Lupul, then December 28, 1898 as representative of the Group of landowners in the Bukovina parliament elected. Because of disputes in the party, he left it and founded the "Partidul Național Poporal" with others, where he assumed the function of president of the party's central committee, only to reunite with the PNR in 1902. He now took over the chair.
In October 1903 there was a scandal in the so-called Flondoraffaire after the deputy Johann von Flondor had the worst anti-Semitic hate speech written in the Bukovina journal . Although he gave his word of honor that he had nothing to do with the matter, he was convicted of being untruthful. Although the PNR had supported him during the affair, but feared being accused of irredentism because of his demands and appeals , he no longer fully shared his political views, he left the party for good.
In 1908 Iancu was appointed chairman of the newly established "Partidul Creştin Social Român". After quarrels about the distribution of seats in the party, he left the party and withdrew politically (1911).
Because of his secessionist efforts and his anti-Semitic stance, his application for elevation to the baron class was rejected and only granted to his brother Nikolaus (1913). Johann's eldest brother Theodor (Tudor) had died in 1908.
When the First World War broke out, he had to expect reprisals from the Austrian authorities because of his political stance, but he turned down Romania's offer of asylum. Finally, in 1917, he was accused of high treason by the kuk authorities because of his collaboration with the Russian general Brusilov for the good and supply of the population and only came through the intervention of the Romanian Reichsrat MPs and the hereditary member of the manor of the Austrian Reichsrat as well as the former governor of the Duchy of Bukowina Count (1918) Georg Wassilko von Serecki free.
In autumn 1918 he returned to the political limelight at the head of the "Movement for the National Liberation of Romanians from Bukovina". On October 27, 1918, he chaired the “Constituent Assembly for the Unification of Bukovina with the Kingdom of Romania”. The proclamation of the Reunion took place on November 28, 1918, then Flondor was appointed chairman of the "Consiliului Național Român", on December 18 of the year by the government of Ion IC Brătianus as Minister of State without portfolio for the purpose of the administration of Bucovina, finally to the to be elected first President of the Romanian Government in Bucovina . He was honored with the Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Romania . After renewed disagreements, he surprisingly finally withdrew from politics on April 15, 1919.
Because of his services to the unity of Romania, he is still very much revered there today and honored by numerous institutions and streets that bear his name. First, the Herrengasse in Chernivtsi was renamed Strada Iancu Flondor (1919).
literature
- The Flondora affair in the Bucovina parliament. According to the shorthand records. Chernivtsi 1903. Publishing house of the “Bukowinaer Post”, printed by Isidor Wiehler, Chernivtsi, 256 pp.
- Constantin Loghin: Iancu cav. de Flondor (1865–1924) , Bucureşti 1944
- Ion Nistor, Istoria Bucovinei, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti 1991
- Erich Prokopowitsch, The nobility in the Bukowina , Verlag Der Südostdeutsche, Munich 1983
- Emil Satco - Enciclopedia Bucovinei ( Ed.Princeps Edit, Iași, 2004)
Picture gallery
Iancu Flondor, young
Strada Iancu Flondor with Wassilko-Palais
Iancu Flondor
.jpg)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Prokopowitsch: The nobility in the Bukowina, Südostdeutscher Verlag, Munich, 1983, pp. 123, 164
- ↑ Arhivele Statului, București, fond Iancu Flondor, dosar 1, f.1-28 și dosar 74
- ↑ Mihai-Ştefan Ceauşu, Czernowitz 1892 in: Wladimir Fischer (ed.), Spaces and Borders in Austria-Hungary 1867–1918: cultural-scientific approaches, Francke Verlag 2010, p. 36 ff
- ↑ The Flondoraffaire in Bukovina diets. According to the shorthand records. Chernivtsi 1903. Publishing house of the Bukowinaer Post , printing by Isidor Wiehler, Chernivtsi, pp. 83, 88, 95-98
- ↑ Ion Nistor, Istoria Bucovinei, Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti 1991, pp. 330–334
- ↑ N. Tcaciuc-Albu - O amintire despre Iancu Flondor , in Iancu Flondor. Eroul Bucovinei , p. 21st
- ↑ Florin Pintescu: "Concepții politice la Iancu Flondor și Ion Nistor", in Codrul Cosminului , Analele Științifice ale Universității Ștefan cel Mare , Suceava, Seria Istorie, 1995, no. 1, p. 254
- ↑ Mihai Pânzaru-Bucovina: Iancu Flondor. Eroul Bucovinei , p. 32.
- ^ Ion Nistor, Istoria Bucovinei, Editura Humanitas, Bucharest 1991, p. 400 ff
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Flondor, Johann von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Flondor, Johann Ritter von (full name); Flondor, Iancu of |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian and Romanian politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 3, 1865 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Storozynetz (Storojineț) , Austria-Hungary |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 19, 1924 |
| Place of death | Chernivtsi (Cernăuți) , Kingdom of Romania |