Johannes Andreae (legal scholar)

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Johannes Andreae (also: Giovanni d'Andrea, Johannes Andreae de S. Hieronymo ; * around 1270 in Rifredo (now part of Firenzuola ) near Florence ; † July 7, 1348 in Bologna ) was an important legal scholar and canonist as well as the author of important textbooks for European legal history as well as for Catholic canon law .

Life

Summa de sponsalibus et matrimoniis , 1472–1474

As the illegitimate son of a future priest "Andrea" and his concubine "Novella", Andreae is considered the greatest canonist of his time and went down in legal history as "fons et tuba iuris" (source and horn of law). Out of admiration for the church father Hieronymus , he adopted the surname »de Sancto Hieronymo«. His extensive knowledge of the legal literature of the time gave him his reputation as a valued advisor to high dignitaries.

Although Andreae was not wealthy, he learned grammar at a young age under the supervision of his father . He received his doctorate in theology and law from the University of Bologna . His teacher Guido de Baysio , the archdeacon (archdeacon) of Bologna at the time, recognized his talent and became his patron . From 1300 Andreae became Professor of the Decretals in Bologna. At times he also taught in Padua .

Andreae had several illegitimate children who later held high ecclesiastical offices. He and his wife Melicia had three sons and four daughters. The canonist Johannes Calderinus was his adopted son. His son Bonincontrus, also a lawyer, was beheaded for conspiracy against the leadership of Bologna. Three of the daughters married lawyers and canonists. The legal historian Willibald M. Plöchl speaks of Andreae's fourth daughter “Novella”: “She was the first lecturer in canon law in the history of canon law”. In addition, Christine de Pisan tells in a contemporary report that “Novella represented her father at lectures when he was sick and, because of her striking beauty, had to present this behind a curtain.” The name “Novella” is also the title of the greatest work by Andreae, which was dedicated to the Bishop of Ostia and cardinal legate Betrandus .

His active political commitment and his loyalty to the Pope led to his being held for eight months in the fort near Silvano . On the return journey from Avignon , after visiting Pope John XXII. (1328), he was attacked by the Ghibellines near Pavia , robbed and imprisoned. After his release, the city and the Pope compensated him with a fief near Ferrara .

Andreae had demonstrably friendly connections to Hugo , the "King of Cyprus and Jerusalem ", and to the humanist Francesco Petrarca . He died of the plague and was buried in the Dominican church of Bologna.

Fonts

  • De interdicto . Sheet 43–50 of the manuscript Msc.Theol.207 of the Bamberg State Library from the 13th / 14th centuries. Century. Digitized
  • Summa de sponsalibus et matrimoniis ( la ). Martin Flach, Basel 1472–1474.
  • Liber sextus Decretalium  : With the gloss of Johannes Andreae. - Basel: Michael Wenßler, 1476. Digitized edition
  • Novella Commentaria in quinque libros decretalium. Five volumes. Venice 1581. Reprint Turin 1963.
  • In Sextum Decretalium librum Novella Commentaria. Venice 1581.
  • In titulum de Regulis iuris Novella Commentaria. Venice 1581.
  • Corpus iuris canonici glossatum I-III. Lyon 1519/1520.

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Johannes Andreae
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Giovanni d'Andrea; Johannes Andreae de S. Hieronymo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH around 1270
PLACE OF BIRTH Rifredo , Florence
DATE OF DEATH July 7, 1348
Place of death Bologna