Johannes Krause

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Johannes Krause (2019)

Johannes Krause (born July 17, 1980 in Leinefelde ) is a German biochemist with a research focus on historical infectious diseases and human evolution. Since 2010 he has been professor of archaeogenetics and palaeogenetics at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen . Krause has been director at the new Max Planck Institute for the History of Man in Jena since mid-2014 .

Career

Krause studied biochemistry in Leipzig and at the University College Cork in Ireland from 2000 to 2005 . With his work The Mitochondrial Genome of the Mammoth at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig , he obtained his diploma in 2005, and in 2008 he was awarded the dissertation From genes to genomes: Applications for Multiplex PCR in Ancient DNA Research on genetic investigations under Svante Pääbo Neanderthals and PhD in cave bears.

In 2010 he received the Tübingen Prize for Older Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology for his dissertation and, as co-author of the Science article A draft sequence and preliminary analysis of the Neandertal genome, the Newcomb Cleveland Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Science , the prize for the best article of the year. In October of the same year he took up a junior professorship at the Institute for Natural Archeology in Tübingen. There he headed the archeology and palaeogenetics working group of the Institute for Scientific Archeology . In October 2013 Krause received a W3 full professorship.

In summer 2014 it was announced that the Max Planck Institute for Economics in Jena will be realigned. Together with Russell Gray from New Zealand , Johannes Krause was appointed director of the new Max Planck Institute for the History of Man in June 2014 , which he took up on February 1, 2014. At the same time, Krause remains honorary professor at the University of Tübingen. Krause is one of the main authors of the Jena Declaration of the German Zoological Society .

Research work

Krause's focus is genetic analysis with the help of DNA sequencing . His research areas include historical pathogens and epidemics as well as human evolution.

2010 succeeded Krause, based on 30 milligrams of powdered material from the finger bone of Denisova people the mitochondrial DNA to reconstruct. This enabled him to prove that the Denisova man represented an independent population of the genus Homo , which separated from the Neanderthal branch 640,000 years ago. He was also involved in deciphering the Neanderthal genome . Among other things, Krause proved with his research that Neanderthals and modern humans share the same “ language gene ” ( FOXP2 ) and therefore it can be assumed that Neanderthals also had the ability to speak.

Krause's department was part of the international team of researchers who in 2011 were able to use DNA samples from the East Smithfield plague cemetery in London to demonstrate a connection between the medieval epidemic of the Black Death and the bacterium Yersinia pestis , the causative agent of bubonic plague .

In September 2012, Krause received funding from the European Research Council as part of the Starting Grants for his project Ancient Pathogen Genomics of Re-emerging Infectious Disease , in which the evolution of various historical infectious diseases and pandemics is to be investigated using the DNA of corresponding pathogens . In cooperation with the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, a work was published in May 2013, according to which the pathogens that caused the Great Famine in Ireland (HERB-1) were not associated with the strain of the egg fungus Phytophthora infestans (US-1 ) are identical. Both strains of the pathogen therefore go back to a common ancestor, but developed separately from one another. With the advent of resistant potato varieties, the HERB-1 strains disappeared and were replaced by US-1.

In June 2013, Krause's working group published research results in collaboration with researchers from the Technical University of Lausanne , according to which the leprosy bacterium had hardly changed genetically since the Middle Ages and all leprosy bacteria worldwide on a common strain from the time 4000 BC Chr. Can be traced back.

Awards

Publications (selection)

Web links

Video

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Bolus: Laudation: Dr. Johannes Krause, winner of the twelfth Tübingen Prize for Older Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology ( Memento from October 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (pdf; 155 kB), In: Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Urgeschichte , Volume 19, 2010, pp. 7-10.
  2. ↑ About the genetic analysis of the Neanderthals . In: Reutlinger Nachrichten . February 11, 2010. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved on September 13, 2013.
  3. ↑ AAAS Awards: Newcomb Cleveland Prize Recipients ( English ) In: Official website . American Association for the Advancement of Science . Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  4. ↑ Angelika Bachmann: Bone marks a new line in the human family tree . In: Schwäbisches Tagblatt . December 23, 2010. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  5. ↑ Krause now has a chair . In: Zeitungsgruppe Thüringen GmbH & Co.KG (Hrsg.): Thüringische Landeszeitung . October 11, 2013, p. 13.
  6. ^ Message "Jena Institute realigned" on www.mpg.de
  7. ^ Homepage of the von Krause Archaeogenetics Department at the MPI for History and Natural Sciences
  8. ↑ Angelika Bachmann: On the jump to Jena: The university loses one of its most famous researchers, the paleogeneticist Johannes Krause . In: Schwäbisches Tagblatt GmbH (Ed.): Schwäbisches Tagblatt . July 1, 2014.
  9. ↑ Sonja Kastilan: Look, Miss Denisova! . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . December 27, 2010. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  10. ^ Thorwald Ewe: IN THE EVOLUTION STORY of [Homo sapiens .] In: Image of science . May 2012, p. 22. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  11. ↑ Johannes Krause et al .: The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia. In: Nature , Volume 464, No. 7290, 2010, pp. 894-897. doi : 10.1038 / nature08976 full text (PDF; 298 kB)
  12. ^ Johannes Krause et al .: The derived FOXP2 variant of modern humans was shared with Neandertals. In: Current Biology. Volume 17, No. 21, 2007, pp. 1908-1912. doi: 10.1016 / j.cub.2007.10.008
  13. ↑ M. Inman: Neandertals Had Same "Language Gene" as Modern Humans. In: National Geographic News , October 18, 2007.
  14. ↑ Hanna Hauck: Scientists crack the DNA of the plague pathogen . In: The world . Axel Springer AG . October 12, 2011. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  15. Jump up ↑ VJ Schuenemann, K. Bos, S. DeWitte, S. Schmedes, J. Jamieson, A. Mittnik, S. Forrest, BK Coombes, JW Wood, DJD Earn, W. White, J. Krause, HN Poinar: Targeted enrichment of ancient pathogens yielding the pPCP1 plasmid of Yersinia pestis from victims of the Black Death. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , Volume 108, No. 38, pp. E746-E752. doi : 10.1073 / pnas.1105107108
  16. ↑ Marina Boose: ERC Starting Grants 2012: Baden-Württemberg above-average success . In: BIOPRO Baden-Württemberg . State of Baden-Württemberg. October 15, 2012. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  17. ↑ Convicted after 160 years - Herbaria reveal the genome of the person who caused the Irish famine . In: press release . Senckenberg Society for Nature Research . May 21, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  18. ↑ K. Yoshida, L. Cano, M. Pais, B. Mishra, R. Sharma, C. Lanz, F. Martin, S. Kamoun, J. Krause, M. Thines, D. Weigel & H. Burbano: The rise and fall of the Phytophthora infestans lineage that triggered the Irish potato famine. In: eLife , May 28, 2013. doi : 10.7554 / elife.00731
  19. ↑ Angelika Franz: Origins of leprosy: The indestructible epidemic . In: Spiegel Online . June 14, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  20. ↑ Verena J. Schuenemann, Pushpendra Singh, Thomas A. Mendum, Ben Krause-Kyora, Günter Jäger, Kirsten I. Bos, Alexander Herbig, Christos Economou, Andrej Benjak, Philippe Busso, Almut Nebel, Jesper L. Boldsen, Anna Kjellström, Huihai Wu, Graham R. Stewart, G. Michael Taylor, Peter Bauer, Oona Y.-C. Lee, Houdini HT Wu, David E. Minnikin, Gurdyal S. Besra, Katie Tucker, Simon Roffey, Samba O. Sow, Stewart T. Cole, Kay Nieselt, Johannes Krause: Genome-Wide Comparison of Medieval and Modern Mycobacterium leprae. In: Science , Volume 341, pp. 179-183. doi : 10.1126 / science.1238286


personal data
SURNAME Krause, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German biochemist
DATE OF BIRTH 17th July 1980
PLACE OF BIRTH Leinefelde , District of Erfurt, German Democratic Republic