John Arundel, 1st Baron Arundel

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John Arundel, 1st Baron Arundel (also John d'Arundel or John FitzAlan ; * around 1348, according to other information around 1351; † December 15, 1379 ) was an English military man.

Life

John Arundel was the second son of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster, daughter of Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and widow of John de Beaumont. Sir Thomas Arundel was his younger brother. Before 1364 John married Eleanor Maltravers , a granddaughter of John Maltravers, 1st Baron Maltravers . By marriage he acquired Lytchett Matravers in Dorset and Boyton and Corton in Wiltshire , and his wife became de iure heir to the title of Baron Maltravers . Like his father, John began a military career during the Hundred Years War with France, but is not mentioned for the first time until 1377 when he was appointed Lord Marshal of England . For this office the king assured him a life annuity of £ 100 per year, in 1379 he doubled the amount. In 1377 Arundel repulsed a French attack on Southampton . On August 4, 1377 he was called to parliament , although it is disputed whether the Writ of Summons was for Baron Arundel or, through the right of his wife, Baron Maltravers. In November of that year he went on an expedition to Brittany with John de Montfort , Duke of Brittany, and Thomas of Woodstock , where they successfully relieved the besieged Brest . They returned to England in early 1378. In autumn 1378 Arundel traveled to Cherbourg in Normandy to support the city against the siege by the French. After his return in March 1379, he prepared a new expedition to Brittany to support Duke John de Montfort.

According to the chronicler Thomas Walsingham , which were partially confirmed by a later commission of inquiry, Arundel's troops in Southampton had to wait a long time for favorable winds for the crossing. During the waiting period, Arundel's soldiers began rioting, which he tolerated. The soldiers are said to have broken into an unnamed convent and raped the nuns. Arundel is said to have done nothing to stop them. The soldiers then looted the neighborhood, including stealing a measuring cup from a church, and dragged the nuns onto their ships. Other English commanders, including the mercenary leader Sir Hugh Calveley , are said to have withheld their men. When the fleet finally left, contrary to the advice of Arundel's skipper, it got caught in a storm. The soldiers threw equipment and their loot overboard to relieve the ships, and they are also believed to have thrown 60 of the stolen women into the sea. When his ship was being driven off the Irish coast, Arundel ordered his men to leave the ship. Since the storm was still going on, they refused. The skipper tried to bring the ship safely to shore, but the ship hit rocks and sank. Arundel drowned, his body was found three days later and buried in an Irish abbey, according to other sources in the priory of Lewes .

progeny

From his marriage to Eleanor Maltravers he had several children, including:

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ John d'Arundel, 1st Lord Arundel on thepeerage.com , accessed August 21, 2015.
  2. ↑ Barbara Tuchman : The distant mirror. The dramatic 14th century. Claassen, Düsseldorf 1980, ISBN 3-546-49187-4 , p. 356
  3. ↑ John d'Arundel, 1st Lord Arundel on thepeerage.com , accessed August 21, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Arundel, John, 1st Baron Arundel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Arundel, Sir John; FitzAlan, John; d'Arundel, John
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English nobleman and military man, Lord Marshal of England
DATE OF BIRTH uncertain: 1348
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1379