John Henry Schröder
Baron Sir John Henry William Schröder, 1st Baronet CVO (actually Johann Heinrich Wilhelm , from 1868: Freiherr von Schröder , Baronet since 1892, born February 13, 1825 in Hamburg , † April 20, 1910 in Sidmouth, East Devon ) was a German - British merchant, private banker , art collector and patron .
Live and act
John Henry Schröder was the fourth of twelve children and the oldest surviving son of Johann Heinrich Schröder and his wife Henriette nee. by Schwartz.
At the age of 16, John Henry joined his father's company J. Henry Schröder & Co. in London in 1841 and became its resident in 1849 , together with the businessman Alexander Schüssler. In 1850 he married Schüssler's niece, Dorothea Eveline Schüssler (1828–1900). The marriage remained childless.
He significantly expanded the trading and banking business that his father had built up, with a focus on trade finance and borrowing . In 1853 he first placed a Cuban bond in London and in 1863 a Confederate bond during the American Civil War. In 1870, Schröder played a leading role in the first Japanese foreign loan. In 1883 he inherited his father's shares in J. Henry Schröder & Co. , London.
At the same time he became the main agent for the trade in Peruvian guano . He was also involved in the insurance business and was chairman of the North British and Marine Insurance Company . In 1890 he became a member of Lloyd's of London .
As early as 1864 he was able to use his profits to purchase a large property right next to Windsor Great Park , The Dell in Englefield Green , Surrey , where he was a neighbor and friend of Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and his wife Princess Helena of Great Britain and Ireland became. In the same year he became a British subject. In 1892, Queen Victoria bestowed him the British title of Baronet , of The Dell in the County of Berkshire, for his services to the royal household. At the same time, it allowed him to continue to use the Prussian baron title awarded to his father in 1869 .
When Schröder died in 1910, his estate of over two million pounds sterling was one of the 30 largest estates in Great Britain between 1895 and 1914. Since the couple remained childless, the family had sent his nephew Bruno Schröder to London in 1895 to preserve and continue the family legacy . From 1910 he took on the role of Senior Partner and was naturalized in Great Britain in 1914. Other partners were Henry Frederic Tiarks (1832-1911) and his son Frank Cyril .
Breeders, collectors and donors
Schröder created a garden park around The Dell and promoted orchid cultivation . Plants from his cultivation received three gold and ten silver medals from the Royal Horticultural Society between 1891 and 1904 , and in 1888 a Colombian Cattleya species was named Cattleya schroderae in honor of his wife by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach .
Schröder had an extensive art collection in his house. He left behind all of the paintings and statues in the Hamburger Kunsthalle as Freiherr JH von Schröder Foundation . This foundation includes a number of paintings by Lawrence Alma-Tadema , portraits of Schröder and his wife by Hubert von Herkomer (1900), but also a long-unidentified bust of Cardinal Alessandro Peretti -Montalto by Gian Lorenzo Bernini .
Schröder was involved in a number of German-British associations. He was head of the Hamburg Church in East London, treasurer of the German Hospital in Hackney and provided building land and capital for the construction of the German Evangelical Christ Church in Knightsbridge (1904).
In 1909 he founded with a donation of 20,000 pounds sterling a named after him Germanistic Chair ( Schröder Professor of German ) at the University of Cambridge .
Awards
- Prussian Order of the Crown
- Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO)
literature
- Richard Roberts: Schroders: merchants and bankers. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan 1992, ISBN 0333445112 , ISBN 978-0333445112
- Richard Roberts: Schröder, Sir John Henry William, first baronet, and Baron Schröder in the Prussian nobility (1825-1910) . In: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed October 2, 2008
- Helmut R. Leppien (Ed.): A hamburger collects in London. The Freiherr JH von Schröder Foundation 1910. Hamburg 1984
Individual evidence
- ↑ With royal permission, John Henry Schröder was able to continue his Prussian baron title , even when he received the baronet title in 1892 , which is why he was called in Great Britain since then - which was unusual for a baronet: Baron Sir John Henry Schröder ( known as Baron Sir John Henry Schröder , Roberts, ODNB (Lit.))
- ↑ Reveal from behind . In: Der Spiegel . No. 22 , 1984 ( online ).
- ^ Photo by Bernini from Hamburg
- ↑ 100 Years of the Christ Church , EKD press release, accessed on October 4, 2008
- ↑ 100 years of the German Evangelical Christ Church in London ( Memento of the original from January 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 22, 2012
- ↑ Montpelier Square Area: German Evangelical Christ Church, Montpelier Place , Survey of London: volume 45: Knightsbridge (2000), pp. 124-127. Retrieved March 22, 2012
- ↑ en: Schröder Professor of German
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schröder, John Henry |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schröder, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm; Schröder, Johann Heinrich Freiherr von (name since 1869); Schröder, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Freiherr von (full name since 1869); Schröder, Baron Sir John Henry (since 1892) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-British merchant, private banker, art collector and patron |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 13, 1825 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hamburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 20, 1910 |
| Place of death | Sidmouth, East Devon |