Jolanthe of Aragon

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Jolanthe of Aragon

Jolanthe von Aragón (also Violante, Jolande or Yolande) (* 1379 in Saragossa , † November 14, 1442 in the Château de Tucé in Saumur ), was the heiress of Bar-Mousson, Lunel, Berre and Martigues; as the wife of Ludwig II. Duchess of Anjou. Jolanthe was called the Queen of the Four Kingdoms.

family

Jolanthe was a daughter of the Aragonese King John I and his wife Violante von Bar . After the death of her uncle Martin I of Aragon in 1410, she was the last living member of the tribe of the House of Aragón-Barcelona. Her uncle had married her to Duke Ludwig II of Anjou , who was also titular king of Naples, Sicily and Jerusalem. Together with her claim to the throne of Aragon, Jolanthe was named "Queen of the Four Kingdoms". His marriage to Ludwig, which was concluded in Arles on December 2, 1400 , was considered a success in foreign policy, as the houses of Anjou and Aragón competed for the claim to the throne in Sicily. Jolanthe's descendants took over the claim to the throne of Aragón, but this ultimately failed due to the compromise of Caspe . Jolanthe had the following children with Ludwig:

ancestors

          ┌──> Alfons IV., König von Aragón
          │
          │
     ┌──> Peter IV., König von Aragón
     │    │
     │    │
     │    └──> Theresa von Entanza (1300–1327)
     │
     │
┌──> Johann I., König von Aragon
│    │
│    │
│    │    ┌──> Peter II., König von Sizilien
│    │    │
│    │    │
│    └──> Eleonore von Sizilien (1325–1375)
│         │
│         │
│         └──> Elisabeth von Kärnten († 1352)
│
│
Jolanthe von Aragón
│
│
│
│         ┌──> Heinrich IV., Graf von Bar († 1344)
│         │
│         │
│    ┌──> Robert I., Herzog von Bar
│    │    │
│    │    │
│    │    │
│    │    └──> Jolanthe von Flandern († 1395)
│    │
│    │
└──> Violante von Bar
     │
     │
     │    ┌──> Johann II., König von Frankreich
     │    │
     │    │
     └──> Marie von Frankreich (1344–1404)
          │
          │
          └──> Jutta von Luxemburg

Life

Jolanthe, described as beautiful and determined, took care of the manifold interests of the Anjou family during the absence of her husband, who often fought in Italy and especially after his death in 1417.

Through her mother, Jolanthe was also entitled to inheritance in the Duchy of Bar , whose house was on the verge of extinction. Jolanthe agreed with her uncle, the cardinal and Duke Ludwig von Bar, that Ludwig would adopt her son René. René was therefore able to follow in 1419 when Ludwig renounced the duchy.

In 1413 their daughter Marie was with Karl, the then third son of King Charles VI. betrothed by France . After the alliance between Burgundy and England in the Hundred Years War , Jolanthe took Karl and her family to the safer county of Provence. In 1415 and 1417, Charles's two older brothers, who had lived in the care of the Duke of Burgundy, died unexpectedly and Charles became a Dauphin .

Jolanthe had a great influence on her son-in-law and thus on French politics. She achieved an alliance with Brittany, which until then had been on the side of England, and support from Lorraine. As the king's dominant advisor, she tried to achieve a balancing act with the Duchy of Burgundy, succeeded in ousting President Jean Louvet and Georges de La Trémoilles as well as appointing Arthur de Richemont as Connétable . The foreign policy isolation of England is mainly thanks to Jolanthe.

Jolanthe also sided with Joan of Arc at court , who she supported and whose physical examination she was present. Johanna von Orleans spoke about Jolanthe as "Ma Reyne".

Trivia

In the film Johanna von Orleans , Jolanthe is played by the actress Faye Dunaway .

The rose variety Yolande d'Aragon is named after Jolanthe .

Web links

literature

  • Jehanne d'Orliac: Yolande d'Anjou, la reine des quatre royaumes. Plon, Paris 1933.
  • Arnaud des Roches de Chassay: Yolande d'Aragon (1379–1442. Ou l'unité de la France). Charles Hérissey, Janzé (Ille-et-Vilaine) 2006, ISBN 2-914417-30-6 .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ meaning the house of the Lord of Tucé in the city, see [1]
personal data
SURNAME Jolanthe of Aragon
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Violante of Aragon; Yolande d'Aragón; Jolande of Aragon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duchess of Anjou, advisor to King Charles VII of France
DATE OF BIRTH 1379
PLACE OF BIRTH Zaragoza
DATE OF DEATH November 14, 1442
Place of death Château de Tucé, Saumur