Josef Ernst

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Josef Ernst (born March 30, 1882 in Osterfeld , Recklinghausen district , † August 19, 1959 in Norderney ) was a German politician and businessman.

Live and act

Josef Ernst, son of the climber Adam Ernst, was a seaman from 1896 to 1902. He then worked in the enamelling industry. From 1909 to 1914 he was managing director of the German Metalworkers' Association in Hagen . He was also the chairman of the local union cartel from 1911 to 1914 . From 1914 to 1918 Ernst was a soldier in the First World War . In 1917 he joined the USPD from the SPD . He belonged to the USPD until 1931 and was then a member of SAP .

During the November Revolution he was chairman of the Soldiers' Council of the Eighth Army. Then he was People's Commissar in Hagen and City Commandant of Krefeld . He also took part in the 1st Reich Councilor Congress in Berlin . He ran for election to the Prussian Constituent Assembly , but was not elected. In the Weimar National Assembly he was a member of the USPD. During the Kapp Putsch in 1920 he was head of the military defense center of the Ruhr area against the putschists. In 1921 he was elected to the provincial parliament of the province of Hanover , but resigned in the same year in favor of his party friend Beerend Zaayenga . From 1920 to 1924 Ernst was a member of the Reichstag . He was also a member of the Norderney parish council and the north district council in the 1920s.

After 1918, Ernst pursued various activities. So he was initially a writer and grocer in Hagen. Then he was a bookmaker in Dortmund . For a time he was the syndic of the Reich Association of German Bookmakers in Berlin. In November 1929 he co-founded the "Sportzeitungs- und Nachrichtenvertriebsgesellschaft mb H" (Spona). In 1933 - as a "refugee" - he was denied participation.

Immediately after the Reichstag fire on 27./28. In February 1933 Ernst escaped arrest by the Berlin SA-Standarte Merker . His apartment in Berlin was looted by the SA. Ernst managed to flee to Holland via Czechoslovakia. After a stay in prison in Czechoslovakia for selling arms to the Republican government of Spain, Ernst returned to Germany in 1938 as director of a real estate company and lived on Norderney. In Germany and Holland he maintained contact with the resistance against Hitler through the Abwehr under Wilhelm Canaris . After July 20, 1944, he escaped two further attempts to be sent to a concentration camp.

After the Second World War , Ernst was recognized as a "victim of fascism". On January 20, 1946, he founded the Radical Democratic Party , which saw itself as a "community of the working people". Ernst later joined the FDP . From 1948 to 1952 he was mayor of Norderney and a member of the local council for the FDP until his death.

literature

  • Inge Lüpke-Müller: A region in political upheaval. The democratization process in East Frisia after the Second World War . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 1998, ISBN 3-932206-11-8 .
  • Beatrix Herlemann , Helga Schatz: Biographical Lexicon of Lower Saxony Parliamentarians 1919–1945 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen. Volume 222). Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 2004, ISBN 3-7752-6022-6 , p. 102.
  • Karin Jaspers / Wilfried Reinighaus: Westphalian-Lippian candidates in the January elections 1919. A biographical documentation , Münster: Aschendorff 2020 (Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia - New Series; 52), ISBN 9783402151365 , p. 63f.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Bernd Faulenbach : Social Democracy in Transition. The district of western Westphalia 1893-2001 . Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2001, p. 81.
  2. ^ Joachim Tautz: Review of the book A region in political upheaval. The democratization process in East Friesland after the Second World War by Inge Lüpke-Müller, in: Oldenburger Jahrbuch , vol. 99 (1999), pp. 217-218, here p. 218.
  3. ↑ Lower Saxony State Archives, Aurich location , Lower Saxony . 110 W, Acc. 45/89 No. 4-6.
  4. ↑ Karl Etzold, Bonno Eberhardt: The Nordhelm settlement from 1933 to 1945 (1960) of the See-Flieger-Horstes Norderney . Norderney 2012, p. 33.
  5. ^ Inge Lüpke-Müller: A region in political upheaval. The democratization process in East Frisia after the Second World War . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 1998, p. 206.

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personal data
SURNAME Ernst, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SPD, USPD, FDP), MdR and businessman
DATE OF BIRTH March 30, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Osterfeld
DATE OF DEATH 19th August 1959
Place of death Norderney