Joseph Henri Joachim Lainé

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Joseph Henri Joachim Lainé, 1820

Joseph Henri Joachim Lainé (born November 11, 1768 in Bordeaux , † December 17, 1835 in Paris ) was a French statesman . He was in the late phase of Napoleon's government his opponent and a supporter of Louis XVIII. From 1816 to 1818 he served as Minister of the Interior and in this capacity brought through a new right to vote that only wealthy French people could vote. At the end of 1823 he was made a peer .

Life

After studying law, Joseph Henri Joachim Lainé settled as a lawyer in Paris in 1789. He hailed the French Revolution as the supposed end to all abuses. In 1793 he became district administrator of La Réole ( Gironde department ) and on February 18, 1808, deputy for the department there in the legislative body. There he stood out for his eloquence and his speeches, which were then rare in frankness. When Napoleon Bonaparte, at the time of the Allied invasion of France in late 1813, asked for the confirmation of new victims of money and people, Lainé appeared on December 28 of that year as rapporteur for the resolution of an extraordinary commission on peace and constitutional guarantees for person and property demanded. This drew the most violent wrath of Napoleon. The boardroom was closed for December 31; the Minister of Police eliminated the members of the commission in the manner of a soldier, and at an imperial session on January 2, 1814, Napoleon himself described Lainé as a villain and traitor, an agent of England.

Lainé retired to Bordeaux, where he received the Duke of Angoulême on March 12, 1814 , who appointed him provisional prefect of the Gironde. After the first restoration of the Bourbons , Lainé was by Louis XVIII. appointed President of the Chamber of Deputies on June 11, 1814 . After Napoleon's return in March 1815, Lainé went to Bordeaux and from here issued custody against the dissolution of the Chamber and the legality of Napoleon's government and, following the king, embarked for the Netherlands.

After the second restoration of the Bourbons, Lainé took his place as President of the Chamber of Deputies on October 12, 1815. As sincere as he was devoted to the Bourbon dynasty, he now fiercely opposed the anti-constitutional plans of the ultra-royalists . Appointed Minister of the Interior on May 7, 1816, he enforced the dissolution of the Chambre introuvable . On November 28, 1816, he submitted to the new chamber a bill for a new electoral law, which was fiercely opposed by the ultra-royalists, which provided for the annual renewal of a fifth of the members of the chamber, simple elections and a high electoral census of 300 francs, and the right to vote in property taxes had to pay. In addition, those eligible to vote had to be at least 30 years old; their number was only about 90,000 people. Lainé's bill was passed on February 5, 1817. By a royal orderly Lainé had become a member of the Académie française on March 21, 1816 . After a successful activity for the internal interests of the country, he resigned on December 29, 1818 with Richelieu , since he was ready to change the electoral law for the sake of the foreign powers.

Lainé now entered the chamber as a simple member of the Gironde department, in which, as a fiery, brilliant speaker, he fought against both extremes at the same time. Under the Richelieu Ministry, he was promoted to President in the Konseil for Public Education and on December 21, 1820 to Secretary of State without portfolio, but soon gave up both offices for health reasons. On May 1, 1821, he was appointed commander of the Legion of Honor . When the intervention in Spain came up for discussion in 1822 , he pressed in vain for neutrality to be preserved. Just as unsuccessfully he tried to reconcile the moods of the illegal expulsion of the deputy Jacques-Antoine Manuel from the Chamber.

On December 23, 1823, Lainé received the peerage and the title of viscount . In 1824 he became a member of the commission for the organization of the colonies and the improvement of the condition of the slaves. The enthusiasm with which he spoke out in 1826 for the freedom of the Greeks from Ottoman rule in the chamber of peers was generally registered there. He spoke just as effectively against the introduction of religious orders of women, and in the case of Count Montlosier's petition against the Jesuits , he boldly called for the application of the applicable laws. When the news of the decree of the ordinances of July 1830 by King Charles X he shouted: "Les rois s'en vont" ("The kings perish or die"). He swore the oath to the new July monarchy , but almost no longer appeared in the Palais du Luxembourg , but retired to his estate near Bordeaux, where he devoted himself to literary work. In 1835 he returned to Paris and died here unmarried and poor on December 17, 1835 at the age of 67 of dropsy of the breast.

literature

Web links

Commons : Joseph-Henri-Joachim Lainé  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Klaus Malettke : Die Bourbonen , Vol. 3, 2009, ISBN 978-3-17-020584-0 , p. 57 f.
personal data
SURNAME Lainé, Joseph Henri Joachim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French statesman
DATE OF BIRTH November 11, 1768
PLACE OF BIRTH Bordeaux
DATE OF DEATH December 17, 1835
Place of death Paris