Juan de Mariana

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Juan de Mariana (painting by Matías Moreno, Museo del Prado )

Juan de Mariana , also Johannes Mariana or Ioannes Mariana (born September 25, 1536 in Talavera de la Reina , † February 17, 1624 in Toledo ) was a Spanish Jesuit , historian and state theorist.

Life

Mariana studied at the prestigious University of Alcalá and joined the Jesuit order at the age of 17 . In 1561 he went to Rome as a theology teacher , where Robert Bellarmin attended his lectures. 1564–69 he lived in Sicily . From 1569 to 1574 Mariana held a chair for theology in Paris , but an illness forced him to return to Spain . He settled in Toledo and devoted himself to writing. His “History of Spain” in Latin was published in 1592. The book celebrated the greatness of Spain and was so successful that Mariana later still took over the reigns of Charles V , Philip II and Philip III. edited and translated the work into Spanish (1601). Mariana's name is probably better known through his work “De rege et regis institutione” (1598), a text about the origin and nature of the state, in which he advocated the right of rebels to overthrow a tyrannical prince. The Gunpowder Plot (English for "gunpowder conspiracy" ) in England and the murder of Henry IV of France were later believed to be deeds inspired by the Jesuits, whose authoritative spokesman was Mariana. However, Claudio Acquaviva , the General of the Order , condemned Mariana's views, and the author's final years were overshadowed by the Inquisition's review of his writings .

Fonts

  • Historiae de rebus Hispaniae. 1592 (his Spanish translation was published in 1601)
    • (Engl. trans.) The General History of Spain. From the people of it by Tubal, till the Death of King Ferdinand, who united the Crowns of Castile and Aragon. With a Continuation to the Death of King Philip III. Written in Spanish by the RFF John de Mariana. To which are added, Two Supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the Present Reign. The whole translated from the Spanish. By John Stevens. London: Richard Sare, Francis Saunders and Thomas Bennet, 1699
    • (French translation) Histoire Generale d'Espagne - Dissertation Historique sur les Monnoyes Antiques D'Espagne Traduite en françois avec des notes et des cartes par le P. Joseph-Nicolas Charenton. 1725.
  • De monetae mutatione , German: About the change of coins, 1609, from Latin and provided with individual explanations by Josef Falzberger; Manutius-Verlag, Heidelberg 1996 ISBN 3-925678-55-7
  • De rege et regis institutione , Toledo 1599; Reprint: Scientia-Verlag, Aalen 1969 ISBN 3-511-00543-4

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Mariana, Juan de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mariana, Johannes; Mariana, Ioannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish Jesuit, historian and state theorist
DATE OF BIRTH September 25, 1536
PLACE OF BIRTH Talavera de la Reina
DATE OF DEATH February 17, 1624
Place of death Toledo