Jules Germain Cloquet

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Jules Germain Cloquet

Jules Germain Cloquet (born  December 18, 1790 in Paris , †  February 23, 1883 there ) was a French surgeon and anatomist . From 1824 he worked as a professor of surgery in his hometown and published, among other works, an anatomy atlas consisting of five volumes between 1821 and 1831. The anatomical structures he discovered and named after him include the Cloquet canal and the Cloquet lymph nodes; In surgery, a certain type of femoral hernia is called a Cloquet hernia .

Life

Jules Cloquet was born in Paris in 1790 and was the younger brother of Hippolyte Cloquet , who worked as a doctor in Paris. Jules Cloquet first began studying science at the Collège de Médecine in Rouen , but returned in 1810 to his hometown back to there medicine to study. From 1815 he worked as a prosector in anatomy, two years later he obtained his doctorate with a thesis on hernias . He worked as a surgeon at the Hôpital St. Louis in Paris from 1819 and was appointed professor of surgery in 1824, as well as in 1831 for surgical pathology and in 1834 for clinical surgery. From 1852 he worked for Napoleon III. as a consulting surgeon. He died in his hometown in 1883.

Act

Jules Cloquet devoted himself in particular to the research and treatment of hernias and published a large number of treatises on surgery and anatomy , including between 1821 and 1831 under the title "Anatomie de l'homme" a five-volume anatomy atlas with around 1300 illustrations, of which he was the most of them drew themselves. He was also the first to describe the Cloquet canal in the eye, named after him, and the Cloquet lymph node, as well as the inventor of several surgical instruments such as an artery clamp and a device for removing foreign bodies.

After Louis Berlioz had already treated patients with acupuncture in his country practice in 1810 , Jules Coquet also used this therapy method in the Paris Hôpital Saint-Louis to treat a large number of patients suffering from neuralgia and rheumatic diseases from autumn 1824 . He had his observations published by his students Pierre Pelletan , T. Dantu and J. Morand. The Parisian medical societies mocked Cloquet's zeal for acupuncture. In 1829 Cloquet performed a surgical tumor removal on a patient who felt no pain under mesmerism hypnosis . Dominique Jean Larrey regretted that his “honorable colleague believed such jugglery”.

Awards

Jules Cloquet was one of the first members of the newly founded Académie nationale de Médecine from 1821 , of which he was president in 1860. From 1855 he was also a member of the Académie des Sciences . He was appointed baron in 1867, accepted into the Legion of Honor as a knight in 1847 and promoted to officer in 1856 .

Works (selection)

  • Recherches anatomiques sur les sur les hernies de l'abdomen. Thèse, Paris 1817 Digitized biu santé
  • Recherches sur les causes et l'anatomie des hernies abdominale. Paris 1819
  • Anatomie de l'homme, ou description et figures lithographiées de toutes les parties de corps humain. Five volumes. Paris 1821-1831
  • Manuel d'anatomie descriptive du corps humain. Five volumes. Paris 1825–1835 Digitized biu santé Volume I Volume II Volume III Volume IV Volume V
  • Mémoire sur les concrétions intestinales (entérolithes, égagropiles etc). Paris 1855

literature

  • Marios Loukas, Abraham El-Sedfy, R. Shane Tubbs, Christopher Wartman: Jules Germain Cloquet (1790-1883) - Drawing Master and Anatomist. In: The American Surgeon. 73 (11 )/2007. Southeastern Surgical Congress, pp. 1169-1172, ISSN  0003-1348
  • Ira M. Rutkow: A selective History of Groin Hernia Surgery in the early 19th Century: The Anatomic Atlases of Astley Cooper, Franz Hesselbach, Antonio Scarpa, and Jules-Germain Cloquet. In: Surgical Clinics of North America . 78 (6 )/1998. Elsevier, pp. 921-940, ISSN  0039-6109
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Cloquet, Jules Germain. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 264 f.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Revue médicale. Paris 1825, Volume I, p. 81.
  2. ↑ Pelletan fils. Notice sur l'acupuncture, contenant son historique, ses effets et sa théorie. d'après les expériences faites à l'hôpital Saint-Louis. In. Revue médicale. Paris 1825, Volume I, pp. 74-103 and as a separate print: Pierre Pelletan. Notice sur l'acupuncture, son histoire, ses effets et sa théorie, d'après les expériences faites à l'hôpital Saint-Louis . Gabon, Paris 1825 Digitized biu santé
  3. ^ T. Dantu. Quelques propositions on acupuncture. Didot le Jeune, Paris 1825 Digitized biu santé - T. Dantu. Traité de l'acupuncture, d'après les observations de Jules Cloquet. Bechet, Paris 1826 Digitized archive.org
  4. ↑ J. Morand. Mémoire sur l'acupuncture suivi d'une série d'observations recueillies sous les yeux de M. Jules Cloquet. Crevot, Paris 1825 Digitized biu santé - J. Morand. Dissertation on acupuncture et ses effets thérapeutiques. Thèse des médecine de Paris. n ° 25, 1825 digitized biu santé
  5. ^ Letter from A. Velpeau to P. Bretonneau , December 1825. In: Paul Triaire. Bretonneau et ses correspondants. Paris 1892, Volume I, p. 589. Digitized archive.org
  6. ^ Archives générales de Médecine , tome XX, May 1829. Académie royale de Médecine. (Avril) Section de chirurgie. Séance du 16 avril 1829 Digitized biu santé

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Cloquet, Jules Germain
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Cloquet, Jules
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French surgeon and anatomist
DATE OF BIRTH December 18, 1790
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH February 23, 1883
Place of death Paris