Jules de Polignac

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Jules Auguste Armand Marie de Chalençon, Duc de Polignac (born May 14, 1780 in Versailles , † March 29, 1847 in Paris ) was a French diplomat and Prime Minister of France . In 1838 he settled in Bavaria and was raised to the Bavarian prince status.

Life

Jules de Polignac emigrated in 1790. His father made him and his brothers swear that they would always fight the revolution . With his brother Armand de Polignac he took part in the Georges Cadoudal conspiracy in 1804 . Armand was sentenced to death, but Jules offered his life for that of his brother. For this, both he and his brother were pardoned by Empress Joséphine . They were imprisoned until 1814 and then fled to the then Count of Artois , later King Charles X , who sent them ahead to Paris with powers of attorney.

With Louis XVIII. he moved to Ghent in 1815 , returned with him, was appointed deputy , in 1816 showed himself to be an opponent of the Charte constitutionnelle , became a peer and was a member of the court martial that sentenced François Antoine Lallemand . In 1820 the Pope raised him to the rank of Roman prince, in 1823 he went to England as envoy. After Canning's death, he joined Wellington and its system here . On August 8, 1829, he was entrusted with the formation of a ministry in the spirit of the ultra-royalists , of which he had been president since November 1829. But by his measures he plunged France into a new revolution and removed the throne from the house of the Bourbons .

Polignac was in Paris during the July Revolution and, when his ministry was stormed and destroyed on the 27th, escaped to the Tuileries , but rejected all proposals for negotiation. Only when the people were getting ready to attack the Tuileries too did he retreat to Saint-Cloud to see the king. However, since he did not feel safe even in his wake, he fled towards the north coast of France to embark here for England. But in Normandy he was recognized at Granville in the disguise of a servant, arrested and taken to Vincennes . Peyronnet , Chantelauze and Guernon-Ranville were already there . These four were brought before the Pairs Court, which in late December sentenced Polignac to the loss of his posts and titles, life imprisonment and the loss of his civil rights. He was taken to Ham , where he stayed until 1838. During his imprisonment he wrote the book Considérations politiques sur l'époque actuelle published in Paris in 1832 .

Amnestied by King Louis-Philippe , he has since lived in England, the homeland of his two wives Barbara Campbell (since 1819) and Marie Charlotte Parkyns, daughter of Lord Rancliffe , and in Bavaria . Here Polignac acquired Wildthurn Castle and the Reichersdorf estate near Landau on the Isar in 1838 . King Ludwig I elevated him to the state of Bavarian princes on August 17th of that year . In 1844, Jules de Polignac wrote his German-language political memoirs Historical, Political and Moral Studies on the State of European Society in the Middle of the Nineteenth Century at Wildthurn Castle . In 1843 he went to Paris on family matters, but had to leave the city within 24 hours.

His son Alphonse de Polignac is known for a mathematical conjecture.

Works

  • Considérations politiques sur l'époque actuelle , 1832 ( online ) at Google Books (French)
  • Études historiques, politiques et morales , 1845 ( online ) at Google Books (French)

literature

  • Yvert Benoît (dir.): Premiers ministres et présidents du Conseil. Histoire et dictionnaire raisonné des chefs du gouvernement en France (1815–2007) . Perrin, Paris 2007, ISBN.
  • Jean-Héracle de Polignac: La Maison de Polignac: Etude d'une évolution sociale de la noblesse . Editions Jeanne d'Arc, Le Puy 1975.
  • Alexandre Boltz (dir.): Procès the derniers ministres de Charles X . 2 volumes (400 and 608 pages). Paris (au bureau des éditeurs) 1830.

source

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Died after Pierer in England.
  2. ^ Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Part Altbayern , Edition 30, Commission for Bavarian State History, 1972, p. 126; (Detail scan)
  3. ^ Website on Wildthurn Castle
  4. ^ Government Gazette for the Kingdom of Bavaria , No. 35, Munich September 15, 1838, column 570 of the year
  5. ↑ (Digital scan of the book with information about the place of writing on pages XIII and XIV)
This article is based on a text in the public domain from Pierer's Encyclopedic Dictionary , 4th Edition from 1857–1865.
Please only remove this note if you have revised the article to such an extent that the text reflects the current state of knowledge on this topic, this is supported by sources and it meets today's linguistic requirements.
personal data
SURNAME Polignac, Jules de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Polignac, Jules Auguste Armand Marie de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French nobleman and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH May 14, 1780
PLACE OF BIRTH Versailles
DATE OF DEATH March 29, 1847
Place of death Paris