Julius Hatry

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Julius "Uss" Hatry (born December 30, 1906 in Mannheim ; † November 7, 2000 there ) was a German aircraft engineer, rocket pioneer and filmmaker. He designed the RAK.1 , with which Fritz von Opel carried out the first public flight with solid fuel rockets on September 30, 1929 .

Life

As early as 1922, Julius Hatry, nicknamed "Uss", became a member of the Mannheim Aviation Club and through this came into contact with the first Rhön competitions. In 1927 he did the Abitur and passed the glider pilot C exam. His certificate with the number 409 was the first in Baden . He began studying engineering at the Technical University of Munich and worked as a flight instructor in Rossitten ( East Prussia ), where he also designed large aircraft models for the first time.

In 1927/28 Hatry was significantly involved in the construction of the Mü 3 "Kakadu" under August Kupper , the largest glider at the time. In 1928 Hatry took part in a Rhön competition for the first time with the two-seater Mannheim . He had met Alexander Lippisch and Oskar Ursinus in the aviation scene and was therefore commissioned to design a cell for a motor glider. However, the engine did not pass the type test.

Opel-Sander RAK.1

Then he developed the water rat , a water glider with a boat-like fuselage and a raised tail unit, with which he was awarded 1200 Reichsmarks in the “Prize Flying Rossitten 1928/1929” competition. In the meantime, Lippisch had carried out the first rocket model tests in 1928. Hatry evaluated the flight curves mathematically for months and was able to prove physical relationships between the thrust axis, center of gravity and the flight curves. After this preliminary work, Lippisch suggested the construction of the manned rocket aircraft RAK.1. Hatry started construction in June 1929. The industrialist Fritz von Opel provided the financial means. On September 17, 1929, the prototype was ready and Hatry was able to travel about 350 meters at a height of 10 meters at a speed of 100 km / h, powered by three solid fuel rockets that had 350 kilopond thrust and four seconds of burn time. Von Opel then invited the press to a public presentation in Frankfurt-Rebstock on September 30 , during which he flew the RAK.1 himself. He had secretly had the name on the tail unit of Hatry aircraft painted over with Opel-Sander RAK.1 . Hatry protested, but could do nothing against his financier. Von Opel was able to cover around two kilometers in 80 seconds on this flight. Even after that Hatry continued to work on the construction of new types. The RAK.2 did not get beyond a design, however, because its client Max Valier had a fatal accident while testing rocket motors in 1930.

In 1935 he married the actress Annemarie Schradiek . In the same year Hatry had to stop his research at the instigation of the National Socialists because he had a Jewish grandfather. So he now turned entirely to film. Arnold Fanck had already hired him in 1925 . First as a performer because he was a very good skier, then as a cameraman. Hatry made films with Hannes Schneider , Luis Trenker , Leni Riefenstahl and Ernst Udet in the 20s . Udet also stood up for him in the time of National Socialism. As a screenwriter and assistant director, he made entertainment films for the Tobis in Berlin, in which Theo Lingen , Leni Marenbach and Rudolf Prack contributed, among others . From 1943 to 45 he was a production manager and director for the Mars film and made educational films for the Air Force.

Even after the World War, Julius Hatry remained versatile. He made documentaries. On behalf of Alfred Döblin, he dramatized The Colonel and the Poet and directed the Baden-Baden Theater . He translated the writers Anouilh , Bridie and Vercors . He dubbed French films and was a riding regulation for a mistress at the 1950 Venice Biennale with his own film . After the bankruptcy of his sound and image studio in 1953, he took over his late father's real estate company and also worked as an interior designer.

In 1982 Hatry returned to aviation when he joined the German Aerospace Society (DGLR). In 1985 he took over the office of coordinator for the short biographies of the Pioneers series and a year later he was involved in the re-establishment of the North Baden-Palatinate district group, which he headed until his death. Hatry died of heart failure in a Mannheim hospital.

Honors

At the 1992 German Aerospace Congress, the DGLR awarded Hatry the status of a “Corresponding Member” (Honorary Fellow) “in recognition of his pioneering designs and experiments for rocket propulsion for aircraft”.

In the Russian Kaluga Hatry was the Tsiolkovsky awarded -Ehrenmedaille. The city of Mannheim named a street in the Glückstein Quarter after him and on November 22, 2016 decided on the honorary status for his grave in the main cemetery. The replica of the RAK.1 can be viewed in the Technoseum in Mannheim, the execution of which Hatry himself supervised.

literature

  • Lothar Suhling: Julius Hatry (* 1906) - The world's first rocket plane . In: Baden tinkerers and inventors . Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-87181-262-5
  • Lothar Suhling: Julius Hatry (1906–2000): Memories of a Mannheim pioneer in aerospace technology . In: Mannheimer Geschichtsblätter, New Series, Vol. 9 . Ubstadt-Weiher 2003, ISBN 3-89735-219-2
  • Hans-Erhard Lessing: Julius Hatry - rocket launch and rocket flight , pp. 175–186. In: Mannheim Pioneers . Wellhöfer-Verlag Mannheim 2007, ISBN 978-3-939540-13-7

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.friedhof-mannheim.de/aktuelles/
personal data
SURNAME Hatry, Julius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hatry, Uss (nickname)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German aviation pioneer and filmmaker
DATE OF BIRTH December 30, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Mannheim
DATE OF DEATH November 7, 2000
Place of death Mannheim