JUICE (space probe)

JUICE
Artist's impression of JUICE via Ganymede
Mission goal	Jupiter
Client	ESA
Launcher	Ariane 5 or Ariane 64
construction
Takeoff mass	about 5200 kg
Instruments
Eleven
Course of the mission
Start date	June 2022 (planned)
launch pad	CSG , ELA-3
June 1, 2022 begin October 2029 Entry into orbit around Jupiter 2032 Entry into orbit around Ganymede 2033 End of the primary mission

JUICE ( Ju piter Ic y Moons E xplorer ; German Jupiter Eismond -Erkunder ) is a Jupiter probe under construction of the ESA . Your goal is to explore the Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter .

prehistory

The selection of the JUICE mission was announced by ESA on May 2, 2012. It is the first large-class mission as part of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 program and, in the final round of the selection process, stood up against the proposals of a New Gravitational Wave Observatory (NGO) and a telescope for high-energy astrophysics ( Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics , ATHENA).

JUICE is the rededicated project of the Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter , which should be ESA's contribution to the Europa Jupiter System Mission . Since the joint project with NASA was canceled by budget cuts at NASA, ESA decided for achieving independently performed mission.

Trajectory

JUICE is scheduled to launch in June 2022 with an Ariane 5 ECA or an Ariane 64 rocket from the Center Spatial Guyanais and weigh 5200 kg. Your excessive hyperbolic speed should be 3.15 km / s. JUICE is supposed to perform a swing-by maneuver on Earth after orbiting the sun . Then a swing-by on Venus is planned, followed by two more swing-bys on Earth. The probe then travels to Jupiter, which is to be reached in October 2029, and brakes into Jupiter orbit with a two-hour ignition of its engine and a braking swing-by at Ganymede. After two years and several flights past Europe and Callisto , it is scheduled to enter orbit around Ganymede in 2032 , which it will first orbit in an elliptical orbit between 200 and 10,000 km altitude. Thereafter, circular orbits of 5000, 500 and 200 km altitude are sought.

Description of the plans

JUICE is three-axis stabilized , has an empty weight of about 1800 kg and its electrical energy by GaAs - solar cells win the m² in two panels with a total size of about 60 m² are fixed to 75 miles. JUICE uses a parabolic antenna for data transmission , which enables a data rate of 1.4 GB per day in the Ka and X bands . Each of the three proposed, competing plans for the spacecraft has different additional antennas. In two proposals, the main antenna is a parabolic mirror with a 3.2 m diameter and in the third a parabolic mirror with a 3.5 m diameter. JUICE's propulsion system will use MMH as fuel and the MON oxidizer . There is one proposal for a spacecraft with two main engines (one in reserve) and two proposals with only one main engine. In the ESA study, eleven potential instruments with a total mass of 104 kg were suggested for JUICE.

The ESA finally selected the following 11 instruments for JUICE.

Abbr.	designation	Translation / Description	Data rate bit / s	Energy demand	Dimensions
3GM	Gravity & Geophysics of Jupiter and Galilean Moons	Gravitation & Geophysics of Jupiter and Galilean Moons
GALA	Ganymede Laser Altimeter	Ganymede laser altimeter
J-MAG	Magnetometer for JUICE	Magnetometer for JUICE
JANUS	Jovis, Amorum ac Natorum Undique Scrutator, camera system	Camera system for mapping the ice moons
MAJIS	Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer	Imaging spectrometer for the moons and Jupiter
PEP	Particle Environment Package	Particle spectrometer for measuring neutral and charged particles in the Jupiter system. The PEP consists of two units with a total of six different sensors.
RIME	Radar for Icy Moons Exploration	Radar for ice exploration
RPWI	Radio & Plasma Wave Investigation	Radio & plasma wave investigation
PRIDE	Planetary Radio Interferometer & Doppler Experiment	Planetary Radio Interferometer & Doppler Experiment
SWI	Sub-millimeter wave instrument	Sub-millimeter wave instrument
UVS	UV imaging spectrograph	Imaging UV spectrometer

Changes / further details after placing the order

Airbus Defense and Space in France was appointed prime contractor by ESA on July 16, 2015. The order value is € 350.8 million. The probe should weigh 5.5 tons, have a solar cell surface of 97 m² and, in order not to endanger the measurements of the instruments, be magnetically extremely pure. On the way to Jupiter, she will perform swing-by maneuvers on Earth , Venus and Mars . The complete journey to Jupiter will take 7.5 years and the research mission to Jupiter another 3.5 years.

literature

• Christian Gritzner: The European JUICE mission. In: Sterne und Weltraum , issue 12/2015, pp. 28–37.

Web links

• JUICE - Europe's new mission to Jupiter
• ESA's Cosmic Vision Program (English)
• JUICE at ESA Science and Technology (English)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Arianespace and ESA announce the JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) launch contract. Arianespace, June 17, 2019, accessed June 17, 2019 . 
2. ↑ ESA: JUICE Definition Study Report (Red Book) . On: sci.esa.int of September 30, 2014 (English), it is not clear about the number of instruments
3. ↑ Jupiter sample JUICE: Final integration in full swing accessed on April 25, 2020
4. ↑ ESA: JUICE is Europe's next large science mission . On: esa.int of May 2, 2012 (English); last accessed on November 7, 2015.
5. ↑ JUICE's journey to Jupiter. ESA, February 16, 2017, accessed April 30, 2019 . 
6. ↑ ^{a b} ESA: JUICE Assessment Study Report . On: sci2.esa.int from December 2011 (Yellow Book); accessed on May 3, 2012 (PDF; 39.7 MB).
7. ↑ ESA: ESA chooses instruments for its Jupiter icy moons explore . On: sci.esa.int of February 21, 2013; Retrieved February 22, 2013.
8. ↑ ESA: Preparing to build ESA's Jupiter Mission . From: esa.int of July 17, 2015, accessed on July 21, 2015.
9. ↑ Airbus Defense and Space: Airbus Defense and Space receives order to build ESA's JUICE space probe to search for clues about life in our solar system . On: space-airbusds.com from July 20, 2015; accessed on July 21, 2015.