Justus B. Entz

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Justus Bulkley Entz (born June 16, 1867 in New York City , † June 8, 1947 in New Rochelle , New York) was an American electrical engineer and inventor.

From 1887 he worked as an electrician for Thomas Alva Edison , where he was involved in several patents.

In 1897 the inventor and entrepreneur Isaac L. Rice founded two companies: On the one hand, the Electric Vehicle Company in New York, which manufactured electrically powered taxis and thus supplied taxi companies in New York and Philadelphia with motorized cabs as the first cities in the USA. The other company was the Electric Storage Battery Company in Philadelphia which was responsible for the batteries required by the Electric Vehicle Company and other Rice businesses . In 1897, Entz was appointed chief engineer for the Electric Storage Battery Company .

The Entz gearbox

Since the early 1890s, Entz worked on designs for a Bentin-powered car which received an electromagnetic transmission that he had invented. The mode of operation corresponds to that of a diesel-electric drive . The driving mechanism has no direct connection between the engine and the rear wheels. The field windings of a generator are mounted in the flywheel of the engine at the rear end of the crankshaft . The armature of the generator sits on a common shaft with the armature of the electric motor in front of the cardan shaft. The electricity generated by the generator is fed to the electric motor. The translation is regulated by the excitation current of the generator by a lever next to the steering wheel. A vehicle with an Entz drive does not need to be switched or coupled.

In 1898, Entz had completed a mobile prototype . During a test drive, which engineer Hiram Percy Maxim carried out for the interested Pope Manufacturing Company , an arc developed in the transmission that melted a hole in the tank and ignited the gasoline. The vehicle then caught fire. Even so, Pope's Columbia Automobile Company built a few Entz gearboxes, probably under the designation Mark IX . However, there was no series production, Columbia built both electric and gasoline-powered automobiles until 1913 .

Entz Motor Car Corporation

Several manufacturers used the Entz drive in their vehicles. Entz himself did not build another car according to his system until 1914 after the prototype from 1898 mentioned. In the Entz Six , the driver only needed to operate the steering and accelerator during normal driving; the Entz gearbox, which was set using a lever in the steering wheel, did the rest. In January 1914, the vehicle was presented to the public at the New York Motor Show. Shortly thereafter, the Entz Motor Car Corporation was launched in New York. At the end of June 1914, the car and its mode of operation were shown to the SAE ( Society of American Engineers ; today the Society of Automotive Engineers ). On this occasion, Entz announced the start of series production.

Owen Magnetic

The Owen Magnetic, built between 1915 and 1922, is the most famous car with an Entz gearbox (advert from 1920)

That did not happen, however. Walter C. Baker, founder of the American Roller Bearing Company and the electric car manufacturer Baker Motor Vehicle Company in Cleveland, Ohio , acquired the patent for the Entz transmission. Together with the brothers Raymond M. and Ralph R. Owen , he made it ready for series production. The vehicle was manufactured as a luxury car in small numbers from 1915 to 1922 and saw several changes of ownership and production sites during this time. In practice, the system proved to be functional. However, it was too complex and too expensive for efficient production, and apart from a topic of conversation in the country club, it had hardly any advantages but a number of disadvantages for customers of the time. These included, above all, the extensive maintenance.

At the beginning of 1920 Owen Magnetic received an order from the British company Crown Limited for the delivery of 500 vehicles, which was planned over several years. The automobiles were to be marketed in the UK as Crown Magnetic . It is unclear whether and how many were delivered.

Other motor vehicles

1918-1919 granted Raymond Owen a license for the Entz gear to the Magnetic Motors Corporation in Chicago (Illinois). She used it for her Deering Magnetic . This luxury car was basically a combination of the advanced but already very expensive Dorris Six with an Entz gearbox. As a result, it was also produced at the Dorris Motor Car Company in St. Louis (Missouri) .

The British Magnetic Car also used Entz gears. It was built in several versions from 1920 to 1925.

The Bourne Magnetic Truck Company of Philadelphia is the only previously identified commercial vehicle manufacturer to Flam gear used. The Bourne VM and VX trucks with payloads of 2 and 3½ sh tn respectively (1815 and 3175 kg respectively) were produced from 1915 to 1919, apparently mainly for use in oil fields .

The parent company of the Owen Magnetic manufacturer, Baker, Rauch & Lang Company and later Rauch & Lang Inc., produced the Raulang taxi with Entz drive in small numbers from 1929 to 1935 .

USS New Mexico

USS New Mexico (BB-40)

The US Navy used a further development of the Entz gearbox for the battleship USS New Mexico (190 m; 32,000 ts ), which was laid down in 1915 . This propelled the ship until it was converted in 1936.

Patents

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ US patent for a "dynamo-electric machine" (April 2, 1889)
  2. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, p. 502.
  3. ↑ CA patent 204067 patent for a "transmission and operation of motor vehicles" ( memento of the original from July 6, 2011) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / patents1.ic.gc.ca
  4. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, p. 514.
  5. ↑ http://www.twinkletoesengineering.info/wells_auto_museum/owen_magnetic_technology.htm
  6. ↑ https://patents.google.com/patent/US1207732 Magnetic Drive
  7. ^ Translation of a description by the automobile writer Henry B. Lent , found in the Entz article in English Wikipedia (accessed August 1, 2011)
  8. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, p. 514.
  9. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, pp. 343-346.
  10. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, pp. 514-515.
  11. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, pp. 1059-1060.
  12. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, p. 1059
  13. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, p. 407.
  14. ^ Culshaw / Horrobin: Complete Catalog of British Cars , p. 411
  15. ^ Mroz: Illustrated Encyclopedia of American Trucks and Commercial Vehicles. 1996, p. 38.
  16. ↑ Georgano, Naul: Complete Encyclopedia of Commercial Vehicles. 1979, p. 512.
  17. ↑ USS New Mexico at www.navsource.org (English)
  18. ^ Kimes, Clark: The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 1985, p. 514.

swell

  • Beverly Rae Kimes (Eds.), Henry Austin Clark, Jr.; The Standard Catalog of American Cars 1805-1942. 2nd Edition. Krause Publications, Iola WI, USA 1985, ISBN 0-87341-111-0 .
    • Pp. 343-346 Columbia
    • P. 407 Deering Magnetic
    • P. 502 EV
    • P. 514 dec
    • Pp. 897-899 Matheson
    • Pp. 1059-1060 Owen Magnetic
  • David Culshaw, Peter Horrobin: The Complete Catalog of British Cars 1895-1975 , Veloce Publishing PLC, Dorchester (1997), ISBN 1-874105-93-6 .
  • Albert Mroz: Illustrated Encyclopedia of American Trucks and Commercial Vehicles. Krause Publications, Iola WI, 1996; ISBN 0-87341-368-7 .
  • GN Georgano (Ed.), G. Marshall Naul: Complete Encyclopedia of Commercial Vehicles. MBI Motor Books International, Osceola WI, 1979; ISBN 0-87341-024-6 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Entz, Justus B.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Entz, Justus Bulkley (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American electrical engineer and inventor
DATE OF BIRTH June 16, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH New York City
DATE OF DEATH June 8, 1947
Place of death New Rochelle (New York)