Kuk infantry regiment “Viktor Emanuel III. King of Italy ”No. 28
Imperial and royal infantry regiment "Viktor Emanuel III." |
|
---|---|
![]() The regiment owner King Viktor Emanuel III. |
|
active | 1698 to 1918 |
Country | Habsburg Monarchy , 1804 Austrian Empire , 1867 Austria-Hungary |
Branch of service | infantry |
Location | Prague |
Origin of the soldiers | 1915: Bohemia 95%, others 5% |
owner | King Victor Emmanuel III |
The kuk infantry regiment “Viktor Emanuel III. King of Italy ”No. 28 was an infantry regiment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , founded in 1698 , which was deployed in Galicia during the First World War and was disbanded in 1915 by imperial orders. In the following month, its mostly Czech troops were assigned as reserves to other large formations on the Italian Isonzo front, the regiment then obtained the right to briefly re-deploy until the end of the war in 1918.
history
Beginnings
- Established: 1698
- Used in the War of the Spanish Succession
- 1713 Siege of Freiburg
- Austro-Turkish War (1716-1718)
- 1716 Participation in the Battle of Peterwardein , during which the regiment chief Friedrich Ludwig von der Lancken fell
- Siege of Temesvar
- 1717 Siege of Belgrade
- 1757 Battle of Prague and Kolin
- 1758 Battle of Hochkirch
- 1787 War of the Bavarian Succession : assigned to the main army in Bohemia (Glatz)
- 1793 Battle of Neerzüge
- 1794 Siege of Le Quesnoy and Maubeuge
- 1796 Battle of Schliengen
- 1800 Blockade of Genoa and Battle of Marengo
- Surrender of Ulm on October 18, 1805
- Campaign 1809 in Bavaria, assigned to the XI. Army Corps, Battle of Aspern and Wagram
- 1814 Battle of Brienne
- 1849 Battles near Komorn , storming of the Acser forest, advance of the 1st Corps as far as Arad
- Battle of Custozza (1866) , assigned to the 5th Army Corps of the Southern Army
On the eve of World War I (excluding the 2nd Battalion), the regiment was part of the 5th Infantry Brigade of the 3rd Infantry Division (Innsbruck), while the 2nd Battalion was part of the 18th Infantry Brigade of the 9th Infantry Division (Prague) .
- Ethnic composition: 95% Czech - 5% other
- Regimental language: Czech
- Supplementary district command, replacement battalion cadre: Prague
- Garrison: Staff, I. Baon: Prague - II. Baon: Schlanders - III. Baon: Innsbruck - IV. Baon: Malè
- German uniform - leveling color: grass green - buttons: white
First World War
During the First World War, more than 90% of the regiment consisted of conscripts from Prague and the surrounding area. At the beginning of the war the regiment was part of the 5th Inf. Brigade (Major General Schneider-Mannsau ) of the 3rd Infantry Troop Division (FML Roth ), which was deployed in the XIV Army Corps in the Battle of Lemberg .
Commanding officer : Colonel Ferdinand Sedlaczek
- Staff officers :
- Colonel: Eduard Edler von Merten, Hugo Eckelt
- Lieutenant Colonels: Alexander de Brunfaut, Friedrich Balling
- Majors: Florian Schaumeier, Theodor Praschak, Rudolf Rumpel
The legend of the betrayal on Holy Saturday 1915
At the beginning of April 1915 the regiment consisted of starved and injured men who were part of the kuk III. Corps had to dig new positions in wet snow for 2 weeks after the Battle of the Carpathians . Colonels and lieutenant colonels had already withdrawn. The provisional commander Florian Schaumeier asked to be allowed to withdraw the soldiers, but was refused. During an attack by the Russian 49th Division (XXIV Army Corps), the scarce supplies were completely cut off and after a few days the regiment was almost completely wiped out.
In the official account it was reported that most of the members of the regiment deserted to the Russian side to the sounds of the regimental band. Since this representation had advantages for both warring sides, it was rumored for a long time. The Russians were able to represent the attraction of the Pan-Slavic idea and for the Austro-Hungarian army leadership the image of the "unfaithful Czechs" served as a distraction from the neglect in caring for their own soldiers. In particular, it was possible to divert attention from the fact that the much better armed 87th Infantry Regiment left the "28s" to their fate.
guide
Regimental holder
- FZM Franz Sebastian von Thürheim (1698–1713)
- FML Ernst Philipp von der Lancken (1713–1716)
- FM Leopold Philipp Duke of Arenberg (1716–1754)
- Gm Leopold Baron Scherzer (1754)
- FM Friedrich Graf von Wied-Runckel (1754–1779)
- FZM Wilhelm Ludwig Gustav von Wartensleben (1779–1798)
- FML Michael von Fröhlich (1799–1814)
- FZM Johann Nepomuk von Kutschera (1815–1832)
- FZM Theodor Baillet de Latour (1832–1848)
- FZM Ludwig von Benedek (1849–1881)
- Humbert I , King of Italy (1881–1900)
- Viktor Emmanuel III , King of Italy (1900–1915)
Regimental Commanders
- Colonel Alexander von Lebzeltern (1859–1872)
- Colonel Friedrich von Bouvard (1872)
- Colonel Adolph Resić von Ruinsburg (1872–1876)
- Colonel Adolph von Wenko (1876–1877)
- Colonel Alexander Heimbach von Ethlersheim (1877–1882)
- Colonel Alois Hauptmann (1882–1886)
- Colonel Johann Holzbach (1886–1890)
- Colonel Ludwig Castaldo (1890-1894)
- Colonel Julius Weyrich von Trubenburg (1894-1889)
- Colonel Hugo Meixner von Zweienstamm (1889–1902)
- Colonel Heinrich Fath (1902–1907)
- Colonel Franz Daniel (1907–1912)
- Colonel Ferdinand Sedlaczek (1912-1914)
- Colonel Eduard von Merten (1914–1915)
- Colonel Maximilian Hemala (1917-1918)
literature
- Josef Fučík: Osmadvacátníci , Mladá fronta, Praha 2006, ISBN 80-204-1376-6 .
- Richard Lein: Duty or high treason. The Czech soldiers of Austria-Hungary in the First World War . LIT, Vienna 2011, ISBN 978-3-643-50158-5 .
- Andreas Graf von Thürheim: Commemorative sheets from the war history of the Austro-Hungarian Army Bookshop for military literature, Vienna and Teschen 1880, p. 180 f.
- Richard Lein: The "Betrayal" of the kuk Infantry Regiment 28th Truth or Legend? In: Aleš Skřivan, Arnold Suppan (Eds.): Prague Papers on the History International Relations . Institute of World History, 2009, ISBN 978-80-7308-296-3 , ISSN 1803-7356 , pp. 325–348 (English, cuni.cz [PDF]).
Web links
- Memorial sheets on archive.org
- Website kniha za knihou (Czech)
- Milan Vodička: Legenda na padrť aneb Češi z boje neutíkali .