Kuk Infantry Regiment "Albert I, King of the Belgians" No. 27

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Lieutenant of the kuk German infantry (27th IR) in Parade.png

The Styrian Infantry Regiment no. 27 was a military unit of the Imperial - Habsburg and later the Austro-Hungarian Army . It was founded in 1682 as the Negrelli Infantry Regiment, was named kuk Infantry Regiment No. 27 "King of the Belgians" after its new regiment owner, King Leopold I , in 1853 and since 1766 has been the "Graz House Regiment" after its Styrian recruiting garrison Graz . In addition to the Tyrolean Kaiserjäger regiments and the infantry regiments No. 4 , 7, 14 , 47, 49, 59 and 84, the "Belgians" were one of the most famous German-speaking traditional regiments of ancient Austria.

history

According to a patent, the regiment was founded in Inner Austria on February 3, 1682 by Colonel Octavio Negrelli. In 1684 the relocation to Hungary took place as a result of the great Turkish war . In 1685 there was a reinforcement through the incorporation of 300 soldiers from the Electorate of Cologne . In 1687 the regiment fought in the Battle of Mount Harsany , in 1691 in the Battle of Szlankamen and in 1692 near Peterwardein. In 1693 4 companies of the regiment took part in the siege of Belgrade , in 1696 in the battle of Olasch and on September 11, 1697 in the battle of Zenta .

In the War of the Spanish Succession , the regiment fought under Prinz Eugen in 1701 in the Battle of Chiari . It took part in the blockade of Mantua , the battle of Luzzara and in 1703 the attack on Mirandola . In 1705 it distinguished itself in the battle of Cassano and in 1706 in Turin . In 1707 the regiment marched with Prince Eugene to Provence and took part in the fighting off Toulon .

From 1718 to 1720 the regiment took part in the fighting in Sicily: defense of Milazzo , occupation of the Aeolian Islands , battle of Francavilla , siege of Messina and battles of Palermo .

In 1737 the regiment was in Bosnia and was involved in the capture of Nissa . In the following year 1738 it fought at Kornia and in the battle of Mehadia , in 1739 it took part in the battle of Grocka . In the following War of Succession , the regiment fought in Bohemia in 1741 and took part in the siege of Prague in 1742 . In 1743 three battalions under Prince Karl Alexander von Lothringen fought at the Simbach meeting , the regiment's grenadier battalion fought at Dingolfing , Landau and Deggendorf . In 1744 the regiment fought on the Rhine and then with the main army again in Bohemia. In 1745 it took part in the blockade of Amberg , and the regiment suffered heavy losses during the battles of Hohenfriedberg and Thrush . At the beginning of the Seven Years' War in 1756 the grenadiers fought in the Battle of Lobositz and in 1757 in the Battle of Prague , and parts of the regiment took part in the capture of Schweidnitz . This was followed by the defeat in the Battle of Leuthen and in 175 under Daun the participation in the battle of Maxen . On November 3, 1760, it fought in the Battle of Torgau and distinguished itself under Laudon in 1762 in front of Schlesisch-Friedland, in the Battle of Burkersdorf and in the defense of Schweidnitz (August 7 to October 9, 1762). In the Banat campaign against the Turks, parts of the regiment fought in the battles of Lazu-Mare and Brza-Palanka as part of the corps of Wartensleben . 1789 followed the participation in the meeting at Mehadia and in the blockade of Orșova . It then fought in the Battle of Florentin in Wallachia .

At the end of October 1795, the 1st battalion took part in the storming of the Mainz ski jumps and in the battle near Bacharach . In the battle of Lonao , the 2nd and 3rd battalions of the regiment fell into French captivity. In 1796 the body battalion was a garrison in Mainz and on the Rhine, the regiment fought near Neuwied and the grenadiers under Archduke Karl in the battles near Wetzlar , Amberg and Würzburg . Meanwhile, the decimated battalions in Italy fought in the battles at Lodi , Valeggio and in the battle of Castiglione . In 1799 the 1st and 2nd battalions took part in the siege of Ancona and the grenadier battalion in the battle of Marengo . The battle at Chivasso and participation in the battle of Pozzolo followed . Used in the 1805 campaign in Italy, the grenadier battalion distinguished itself in the battle of Caldiero and led rearguard battles near Vicenza and the Brenta . In the campaign of 1809 the regiment was deployed in the army of Archduke Johann in northern Italy, during the Battle of Sacile (April 16) there were heavy losses in the defense of Porcia. The troops were then involved in the meeting of Villanuova, Montecchio -Minore and Monte Bastia (near Caldiero ) and fought in the defense of Tarvisio after the deployment in the Battle of the Piave (May 8) . During the Battle of Raab (June 14th) the regiment defended the Meierhof von Kis-Megyer, after the retreat the troops stayed in the bridgehead of Pressburg . The regiment's depot troops defended the Graz Schloßbergess (June 13th to July 22nd, 1809). In 1813 the regiment was with the Army of Inner Austria and took part in the battles at Krainburg , Unterloibl and Feistritz. It made the Drau crossing at the ruins of Hollenberg, took part in the battle near Langfeld and made the march via Tolmin and Flitsch to Caporetto , in order to be used during the battle of Caldiero near Montorio. In the campaign in Italy in 1814, the regiment fought in the Battle of Mincio and was involved in the blockade of Palmanova .

Under the command of Frimont , the regiment took part in the occupation of Naples in 1821 . In the Italian Revolutionary War of 1848 , the 1st Battalion stormed Castelnuovo and took part in the battle near Pastrengo . The Grenadier Battalion participated under Nugent in the first attack on Vicenza and as a result did not get into the fire. The regiment served as the garrison of Milan in 1849 and took part in the siege of Venice . The III. The battalion fought in Hungary and was involved in the capture of Esseg and the siege of Peterwardein . Further missions followed in the Battle of Becse and in the Battle of Heyges (July 11-15 , 1849).

In 1853 King Leopold was appointed regiment owner and the regiment was given the name "King of the Belgians". In 1859 the IR fought. 27 under Colonel Wilhelm von Württemberg in the Battle of Magenta (on the railway embankment and at Ponte di Magenta) and suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Solferino .

In the war against Denmark of 1864 the regiment was the VI. Corps of the FML von Gablenz and assigned to the Nostitz Brigade . After a battalion had been deployed at Oberselk and reinforcements had arrived at the kk Jäger battalion No. 9 during the battle of Oeversee on February 6, 1864, a frontal attack by Infantry Regiment No. 27 followed, which got stuck after initial successes. After a flank maneuver, the "Belgians" managed to force the Danes to retreat with a bayonet attack. In July 1866, the IR fought. 27 in the II. Corps (FML Thun ) of the Northern Army in the battle of Königgrätz and after the retreat in the battle near Blumenau .

The entire regiment was involved in the occupation campaign in Bosnia in 1878 , specifically with the 18th Infantry Division advancing from Dalmatia into Herzegovina on the Entatz von Stolnac, the occupation of Bilek and the capture of the rock fortress Klobuk (September 28). The reserve battalions were involved in the battle of Kosna, the occupation of Sarajevo and the battle at Mokra .

First World War

Last peace garrisons

  • Regimental staff: Colonel Karl Weber (regimental adjutants: Captain Hermann Fröhlich, Lieutenant Colonel Georg Schneider) in Laibach
  • 1st Battalion (Major Rudolf Schwarz): in Laibach
  • 2nd Battalion (Major Meinrad Siegl): in Laibach
  • 3rd Battalion (Lieutenant Colonel Richard Walland): in Graz
  • 4th Battalion (Major Theodor Sigmundt): in Laibach

In Galicia

In August 1914 the IR stood. 27 in the association of III. Corps (General of the Infantry Colerus von Geldern ) and was part of the Austro-Hungarian 3rd Army . Together with the sister regiment No. 47 it formed the 56th Infantry Brigade (Major General Johann Fernengel) of the 28th Infantry Troop Division ITD ( FML Kralicek ). After the mobilization, the rail transport took place on August 11th via Szombathely - Budapest - Debreczen - Csap - Munkacs to the theater of war in Galicia , where the IR. 27 until August 16, north-east of the city of Stryj near Wolcniow and Demenka-Poda on the Dniester, the first war quarters were occupied.

The regiment received on August 26th in the battle of Zloczow on the embankment at Skarzawa opposite the Russian XI. Army Corps received his baptism of fire and then proved himself in the battle of the Gnila Lipa . At the beginning of September the catastrophic Battle of Gródek broke out , with Colonel Weber seriously wounded on September 6th. The regiment fought until September 9th under Colonel Wilhelm Staufer in individual battles at Zuszyce and Cuniow. With a command post of 4,200 men, 1,490 soldiers were killed in these battles. In October 1914, after retreating to the San , the regiment fought in the Battle of Chyrow . After the further retreat to the Carpathian Mountains in the area west of the Dukla Pass , the III. Corps in the Bártfa area the entrance to northern Hungary. The IR led. 27 in the first half of December 1914 during the Carpathian Battle by counter-attacks. Under the new commandant Colonel Julius Lustig-Prean, the troops of the 28th ITD (Major General Alfred von Hinke) advanced from the Csergö Mountains in the direction of Zmigrod to ensure the breakthrough of the Russian IX. Prevent Army Corps in the Topoly Valley. After a protracted position battle in the East Beskids received the III. Corps (FML Krautwald ) after the breakthrough of Gorlice-Tarnow (May 1915) again freedom of movement and was transported to Italy. The IR. 27 remained on the Eastern Front for the time being and was transferred to the 7th Army on the Dniester Front . On August 9, 1915, the regiment took part in the storming of the Dniester bridgehead from Czernelica .

Battle calendar 1914–1918

  • Battle of Złoczów (Skwarzawa) (August 26, 1914)
  • Battle of the Gnila Lipa (August 28-31, 1914)
  • Retreat behind the Wereszyca (August 31 to September 3)
  • Battle with Cossack Cavalry near Sokolniki (September 3, 1914)
  • Battle of Lemberg (Gródek) (September 8-11, 1914)
  • Another attack on Boyana - Mszana, the battle in Galicia is broken off
  • Withdrawal to Western Galicia (September 12-26)
  • March to the San and Relief from Przemyśl (October 4 to 12, 1914)
  • Skirmishes at Rokietnica and Zamiechów
  • Battle of Przemyśl and Chyrów (October 16 to November 5, 1914)
  • Fight at Blożew Gorni and Wolcza Dolna
  • Fighting near Grodowice, conclusion of the battle of Przemyśl - Chyrów
  • Withdrawal to the Carpathian Mountains (November 6 to November 15, 1915)
  • Fighting in the East Beskids (November 16 to December 3, 1914)
  • From Danawa to Stanków Wierch, fighting on the Beranowo Ridge
  • Defense of the Laborca ​​line, retreat to the Ondava
  • Withdrawal from Girált in the Tapolytale
  • Offensive from the Carpathian Mountains (December 8-21, 1914)
  • The fighting on the Wisłoka and Jasiołka rivers (December 12-16, 1914)
  • The fighting at Sieklówka (December 17-21, 1914)
  • Another retreat behind the Carpathian ridge (December 22 to 31, 1914)
  • Battle of Żmigród and Krempna, retreat behind the Ondava
  • Advance via Radocyna to the upper Wisłoka
  • Battle at Radocyna - Lipna (January 27-29, 1915)
  • Trench warfare on the Ondava (30 January to 24 March 1915)
  • Fighting on Kastelik vrch and on Kreminka (March 22-25, 1915)
  • Retreat to the Zboró position (March 24 and 25, 1915)
  • Trench warfare near Zboró - Esztebnek (March 26 to April 30, 1915)
  • Taking up the Koldorina position, attacking the Pavlovica and the Suchy vrch
  • Trench warfare on the Koldorina Front (April 5-30, 1915)
  • March to the New Front at Turka (May 15, 1915)
  • Battle at Żukocin (May 13, 1915)
  • Defensive victory at Kolomea on May 14, 1915
  • Bridgeheads at Kolomea (May 15 to June 6, 1915)
  • Fight at Śniatyn (May 13, 1915)
  • Battle of Kniażdwór-Szeparowce (June 7, 1915)
  • Trench warfare near Olchowiec (I. and II. Bat.) (June 17 to July 4, 1915)
  • Protection of the Dniester near Potoczynska (July 5 to 12, 1915)
  • In the Potoczynska loop of the Dniester (July 15-21, 1915)
  • Battle of Michalcze (July 15 to August 8, 1915)
  • Storming the Czernelica Bridgehead (August 9 and 10, 1915)

In Italy

From August 13, 1915, they were transported to the south-western theater of war in Gorizia on the Isonzo front. Cantonation north of Trieste , incorporation into the Isonzo Front (mid-August 1915) and defensive battles as part of the III. Corps ( herb forest ) on the Doberdo plateau. In mid-October 1915, large parts of the regiment were transferred to the Carnic Alps : attacks on Köpfach - Mittagskofel - Marcilla from the Seebach position (October 18 and 19, 1915). The bulk of the regiment fought in the 3rd and 4th Isonzo Battles (October 18 to December 14, 1915). Between December 1915 and February 1916 as part followed the 28th Division ( Schneider-Mansau ) trench warfare on Mount San Michele and then laying on the plateau of the Seven Churches . During the South Tyrol offensive , the IR. 27 deployed from May 15, 1916 as part of the 43rd Rifle Brigade (Colonel Mertens) and was able to storm Monte Kempel on May 27 during the Battle of Folgaria. In the association of the 6th Infantry Division ( Prince Schönburg ) the IR. 27 during the Battle of Asiago on June 6th, storming Monte Meletta together with the Bosnian Fighter Regiment No. 2 and was then stopped by the Italian Brigade Sassari (151st and 152nd Regiment) on the heights of Fior and Castelgomberto. In September 1916, the regiment was relocated to the Dolomites front to occupy the Fanes - Travenanzes battle sections.

In January 1917, the regiment fought alongside the Austro-Hungarian Kaiserjäger around the Col di Lana and Monte Sief ( Marmolada ). From March to November 1917 the regiment was in permanent position on Monte Forno and Monte Roccolo. The regiment distinguished itself in the association of the 11th Brigade of the 6th Division (FML von Mecenseffy ) during the battle of Monte Ortigara in the Valsugana on the nearby Monte Forno and then again in the autumn on Meletta and Monte Zomo, until the regiment due to the heavy losses was withdrawn. After an operation in the Fiemme Valley , new attacks followed on the Asiago plateau in mid-November: during these battles, the storming of Mt. Longara was successful on November 11th and 12th and the storming of Monte di Val Bella on December 23rd. The last year of the war took place for the regiment in the Assa Gorge .

  • Trench warfare on the Doberdó karst plateau (September 6 to 24, 1915)
  • Relocation to the Carinthian-Friulian border area
  • Attacks on Köpfach - Mittagskofel - Marcilla (October 18 and 19, 1915)
  • Fights on Seissera - Kleiner Mittagskofel - Obere Strekiza (October 29 to December 27, 1915)
  • In the Carinthian Seebach position (October 18 to December 11, 1915)
  • Third Battle of the Isonzo (October 18 to November 4, 1915)
  • Fourth Battle of the Isonzo (November 10 to December 14, 1915)
  • Fight for Height 124 (November 18-26, 1915)
  • Defense against the last attacks by the Italians on the Karst (November 27-30, 1915)
  • The end of the Italian autumn offensive (December 1st to 5th, 1915)
  • Trench warfare on Monte San Michele (December 22, 1915 to February 17, 1916)
  • Trench warfare near Selz (April 29 to May 8, 1916)
  • Battle of Folgaria and Lavarone (May 15-26, 1916)
  • Battle of Asiago and Arsiero (May 27 to June 16, 1916)
  • Capture of Asiago (May 27-29, 1916)
  • Fighting on the plateau of the Seven Communities (May 29 to June 8, 1916)
  • The conquest of Monte Cimon (May 30, 1916)
  • The fighting in the Meletta area (May 31 to June 8, 1916)
  • Battle near Fontana Tre Pali, first attack on Monte Meletta (June 5, 1916)
  • The conquest of Monte Meletta (June 7, 1916)
  • The fall of Monte Castelgomberto (June 8, 1916)
  • The end of the offensive in South Tyrol (June 9-16, 1916)
  • Defensive fighting in the Meletta area and on the border ridge (June 9 to 24, 1916)
  • Relation of permanent position to the seven municipalities (June 24-30, 1916)
  • Defensive battle on the Asiago plateau (July 1 to 24, 1916)
  • In the permanent position Monte Forno - Roccolo (July 31 to December 31, 1916)
  • Fighting section Fanes - Travenanzes - Gottres (September 20, 1916 to January 2, 1917)
  • Operation Against the Rotschanze Field Guard (February 22, 1917)
  • The Italian demolition on the Siefgrate on March 6, 1917
  • In the permanent position on Monte Forno and Monte Roccolo (January 1 to June 9, 1917)
  • Defensive battle on the plateau of the seven communities (June 11th to 17th, 1917)
  • Failed major attack on June 18 and 19, 1917
  • In the permanent position Monte Forno - Roccolo (June 30th to November 9th 1917)
  • Autumn offensive 1917 on the Asiago plateau
  • The storming of Mt. Longara on November 11th and 12th, 1917
  • Fight for the high ridge of Mt. Meletta di Gallio - Mt. Zomo and the Frenzela Gorge
  • Storming of Casara Meletta di Gallio (III.Bat.) On November 15, 1917
  • Successful defensive battle at Casara Meletta di Gallio (III.Bat.) (November 17, 1917)
  • On the Tanzer ridge and on the northern slope of Longara (November 18-28, 1917)
  • An der Assa (December 1st to 4th, 1917)
  • Deployment in Fiemme Valley, Monte Rasta and the Assasperre (August 25 to November 8, 1917)
  • In Camporovere and the Assa Gorge (November 12-28, 1917)
  • In the Meletta area (November 30 to December 19, 1917)
  • Trench warfare on Monte di Val Bella (December 26, 1917 to January 25, 1918)
  • Restoration in Bolzano (29 January to 2 March 1918)
  • In the position on the Assa Gorge (March 8 to May 3, 1918)
  • June Battle in Veneto (June 15, 1918)
  • At the Assa Gorge (June 16 to September 17, 1918)
  • Trench warfare on Canove di sotto - Canove di sopra (June 16 to August 2, 1918)
  • End of the war in the combat zone on the Assa (October 24 to November 1, 1918)

guide

Regimental owner

Adolf von Boog as major general

Regimental commanders

  • 1859 Colonel Wilhelm von Württemberg
  • 1896?
  • 1903 Colonel Stephan Vucetic
  • 1907 Colonel Martin Radicevic
  • 1911 Colonel Adolf von Boog
  • 1912 Colonel Karl Weber von Ostwalden
  • 1914 Colonel Wilhelm Staufer
  • 1914 Colonel Julius Lustig-Prean von Preanfeld
  • 1915 Colonel Leonhard Rebhahn
  • 1915 Colonel Augustin Dorotka von Ehrenwall
  • 1917 Colonel Meinrad Siegl von Gregerfels

Tradition and remembrance

The composer Franz Blümel (1839-1916) wrote the 27th regimental march, which was also dedicated to the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Infantry Regiment No. 2 and the successor to the IR in the Austrian Armed Forces . 27, was assigned to the Styrian Alpine Hunter Regiment No. 10. The so-called Bosnian Monument , erected in 1902 under Mayor Franz Graf in memory of the fallen in the occupation campaign in 1878 , is located in Grazer Radetzky-Strasse , where commemorations for the regiment take place today. The memorial in honor of regimental commander Wilhelm von Württemberg, also located in Graz on the Marburger Kai, was erected in 1907 and bears bronze reliefs of two battles (Magenta and Oeversee) as well as a bronze statue of the Duke. Due to the decree to maintain the tradition of the armed forces, which was passed in 1967 under Defense Minister Georg Prader , the previous Wetzelsdorf barracks was named Belgian barracks .

literature

  • Oskar Regele: Maintenance of tradition in the armed forces , Verlag der Militärwissenschaftlichen Mitteilungen, Vienna 1931, p. 25 f.
  • Carl von Prybila: History of the Imperial and Royal Infantry Regiment Leopold II, King of the Belgians No. 27 from its establishment to 1882 . Edited on behalf of the regiment. based on the files of the Imperial and Royal War Archives and other authentic sources, self-published in Vienna 1882.
  • Colonel Hermann Fröhlich: History of the Styrian KuK Infantry Regiment No. 27 (2 volumes), self-published by the 27th Comradeship Association and Alpenjägerregiment No. 10, Graz 1937