Ludwig von Gablenz

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Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz, photograph by Ludwig Angerer 1860

Ludwig Karl Wilhelm Freiherr von Gablenz , from 1873 Freiherr von Gablenz-Eskeles (born July 19, 1814 in Jena , † January 28, 1874 in Zurich ) was an Austrian general of the cavalry .

origin

Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz
Ludwig Freiherr von Gablenz around 1870 (lithography by P. Barfus, Munich)

Ludwig Karl Wilhelm Freiherr von Gablenz was born on July 19, 1814 in Jena as the son of the royal Saxon lieutenant general Heinrich Adolph von Gablenz . His mother was his wife Charlotte von Stieglitz (1772–1842), a daughter of Colonel Wilhelm Ludwig von Stieglitz from Electoral Saxony . His brother Anton von Gablenz (1810–1878) was a member of the Prussian mansion ( Mission Gablenz ).

Life

After completing his training at the Knight Academy in Dresden, Gablenz joined the Saxon 2nd light rider regiment “Prince Johann” in 1831 as a portepée junker . He later switched to the Guard Reiter Regiment as a lieutenant and, in 1833, to the Austrian army .

He served alternately in the infantry , cavalry and general staff . In 1848 he became an adjutant to General Wallmoden in Italy . Promoted to major after the Battle of Custozza , Gablenz was posted to the army in Hungary . There he took over the post as chief of the general staff in Schlick's corps. In Hungary, he took part in no fewer than 46 battles, skirmishes and skirmishes at the side of his general. For this, Gablenz received the Knight's Cross of the Maria Theresa Order on January 4, 1849 . Promoted to lieutenant colonel and commander of the "Prinz Eugen" dragoon regiment in the summer of 1849 , he came to the headquarters of the Russian lieutenant general von Grabbe, with whom he advanced before Komorn .

When the danger of a clash between Prussia and Austria threatened in autumn 1850 , Gablenz , who had meanwhile been promoted to colonel, was assigned to the general staff of the army in Bohemia . However, he soon went to Dresden on a diplomatic mission. Promoted to major general in 1854 , he commanded the light brigade of the 1st Cavalry Corps and advanced into the Danube principalities .

Medal from 1864 on the return of the Austrian troops from Schleswig-Holstein with the opening of the Aspern Bridge in Vienna. Portrait of Gablenz on the front.
The reverse of this medal shows Archduke Carl riding on the battlefield near Aspern .

In the Sardinian War of 1859 he took over a brigade with the VII Army Corps and fought in the battles of Magenta and Solferino . In 1862 Gablenz was promoted to Lieutenant Field Marshal . In 1864 in the German-Danish War he commanded the VI. Army Corps under General Wrangel , which crossed the Eider on February 1, 1864 . His skillful leadership was due to the not bloodless victories of Oberselk (February 3, battle for the Königshügel ) and Oeversee as well as the subsequent victories at Schleswig , which he occupied on February 6, and at Veile on March 8. For his services in the German-Danish War he was awarded the Prussian order Pour le Mérite in a personal handwriting from King Wilhelm I of Prussia on February 27, 1864 . Just two days later, on February 29, 1864, Gablenz sent a submissive letter of thanks to King Wilhelm I. "... I dare to lay my most humble thanks to EKM for the sublime honor ..." He returned after the Peace of Vienna returned to Vienna and received the Commander's Cross of the Order of Maria Theresa for his services , but was appointed governor in Holstein on September 4, 1865 , where he enjoyed great popularity.

In 1866, during the German War , Gablenz had to evacuate Holstein and became the commandant of the X. Austrian Army Corps, with which he joined the I. Prussian Army Corps under Bonin on June 27, 1866 at the Battle of Trautenau , which served as the advance guard of the army of the Prussian Crown Prince penetrated through the Pass of Trautenau into Bohemia, in a ten-hour battle on 28/29. June struck and threw back across the border. He fought at Königgrätz on July 3rd and later occupied the fortifications north of Vienna with his corps . In September 1866 Gablenz resigned from active service for a short time.

After the peace treaty he was since April 1, 1867 lifelong member of the manor in the Imperial Council , where he was active in the liberal sense, and in 1868 commanding general of Croatia and Slavonia ; 1869 Commanding General of Hungary and 1870 General of the Cavalry . In 1871 he took part in the entry of the victorious German troops into Berlin as an authorized representative of Emperor Franz Joseph I and took his leave on November 28, 1871.

Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz lost his money in the founders' crash of 1873, which also meant that he lost his position of trust with the Kaiser. He fled to Zurich where he shot himself on January 28, 1874. Von Gablenz was first buried in the Zurich community cemetery. In 1905 he was buried in the newly completed crypt of the war memorial near Trautenau, built in 1868 to commemorate the battle . Opposite the memorial is Gablenz's former tomb from the Zurich municipal cemetery, which was brought to East Bohemia together with his remains.

family

Ludwig von Gablenz married Helene von Eskeles (1837–1899), Catholic daughter of the Jewish banker Denis Freiherr von Eskeles, in Vienna in 1853 . The names were merged in 1873. The couple had two sons and a daughter:

  • Dionys Heinrich Adolf Franz (born September 13, 1856)
  • Heinrich Adolf Ludwig Emil (born September 29, 1857)
  • Mathilde Maria Emilie Zoe (born March 27, 1859)

Honors

Designations

Trivia

literature

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ according to the NDB name association with the maiden name of the wife, born Freiin von Eskeles
  2. ↑ [1] Literature sheet for the Allgemeine Militär-Zeitung, No. 29, July 22, 1874, p. 225.
  3. ^ A b Gustav Lehmann: The Knights of the Order pour le merite, Volume II , Mittler, Berlin, 1913. P. 440.
  4. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Nels, Volume F AXI , CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1979. P. 106.
personal data
SURNAME Gablenz, Ludwig von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gablenz, Ludwig Karl Wilhelm Freiherr von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian general
DATE OF BIRTH July 19, 1814
PLACE OF BIRTH Jena
DATE OF DEATH January 28, 1874
Place of death Zurich