Josef Roth from Limanowa-Łapanów

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Josef Roth (here still as infantry general)

Josef Roth , from 1916 Knight von Roth or Knight Roth von Limanowa-Łapanów , from 1918 Baron Roth von Limanowa-Łapanów (born October 12, 1859 in Trieste , † April 9, 1927 in Vienna ) was the Imperial and Royal Privy Councilor and Colonel General of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces .

Life

Josef Roth was born in Trieste; at that time this was his father's garrison , an Austro-Hungarian officer. After attending the cadet institute in St. Pölten , he entered the Theresian Military Academy , from which he was retired on April 4, 1879 as a lieutenant in Feldjäger Battalion No. 21 . On May 1, 1884, Roth was promoted to first lieutenant . After he had completed the war school in Vienna, he was first to the 71st Infantry Brigade in Fiume , then to the 13th Infantry Brigade in Esseg and then to the XII. Corps posted in Esseg. On November 1, 1889, Roth was promoted to captain and transferred to the general staff .

From 1895 major, he was assigned to the headquarters of the 12th Infantry Troop Division in Krakow . In 1897 he was assigned to the staff of the V Corps in Preßburg with the promotion to lieutenant colonel on May 1, 1898. In 1900, Roth was transferred to Infantry Regiment No. 76 in Graz for a short period and took over in 1901 (promotion to colonel on 1 May 1898 ) November 1901) as chief of the newly established “General Staff Office for Instructive Work and Exercises” (regulations in the General Staff).

After being promoted to major general on May 1, 1908, in the same year he became commander of the 94th Infantry Brigade in Tolmein and on April 1, 1910, commander of the Theresian Military Academy. On May 1, 1912, Roth was promoted to Lieutenant Field Marshal in this capacity .

At the beginning of the First World War he was given command of the 3rd Infantry Troop Division (XIV. Corps) on August 5, 1914 and then on October 1, 1914 of the XIV. Corps. After an army group with eight kuk infantry divisions, three kuk cavalry divisions, a German infantry division and three Polish legions had been formed shortly after the outbreak of war , he was given command of this group called Roth . In the battle of Limanowa-Lapanow he succeeded in preventing the Russian attacking forces from penetrating between the 4th and 3rd Austro-Hungarian Army and repelling the threatening encirclement of Krakow .

The Roth Army Group continued to fight on the Russian theater of war, including the Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow and the Battle of Lublin .

Promoted to General of the Infantry on September 1, 1915, Roth was commanded to the Italian theater of war, where he was assigned to the Tyrol Regional Defense Command. He then took over command of Rayons (Defense Sections ) IV (Eastern Front) and V (Dolomite Front). In March 1916 he was appointed regional defense commander of Tyrol. After the end of the South Tyrol offensive , Roth received a command of the troops again, he became the commanding general of the XX. Corps. He was not given a higher command, as his direct superior, Archduke Eugen , gave him brilliant assessments, but classified his character as too indulgent and considerate in dealing with his subordinate units.

On May 19, 1916, he was awarded the title of "Privy Councilor" and on June 11, 1916 the title of "Knight of" nobility. He received the title “Limanowa-Lapanów” on September 4, 1916 at his request.

In the following months Josef Roth Ritter von Limanowa-Lapanów again earned services as a corps commander. After the success in the Twelfth Isonzo Battle , the defensive front in the Dolomites was abolished and the army high command was looking for a new use for Roth. Chief of Staff Conrad von Hötzendorf, who agreed with Archduke Eugen in his assessment of Roth, added: “A decent, knightly character, more reserved than gripping, although fearless and brave, he does not seem suitable to take command of an army. He is more suitable to take on the position of an inspector in military training, as he has a heart and understanding for the youth. "

For this reason, Roth was appointed General Inspector of Military Education and Training Institutions on February 15, 1918. On February 1, he received the rank of Colonel General with character (with effect from February 25, 1918).

On October 2, 1918, Roth was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order by Emperor Karl I , and in accordance with the statutes of the order, he was elevated to the status of baron on October 10, 1918 by a handwriting of the highest order (AH) at Schönbrunn Palace .

After the peace agreement with Russia, the released prisoners of war streamed back to Austria-Hungary. The army command, which was still responsible for the soldiers released from captivity and wanted to reintegrate them into the army, feared that among them were also convinced of Bolshevism and other so-called subversive elements. The post of “General Inspector for Homecoming” was therefore created and transferred to Colonel General Roth, in addition to his previous duties. Colonel General Roth remained in these positions until the end of the war.

He retired on December 31, 1918 and lived in his house in Vienna, but continued to be involved in various institutions. He was president of the “Verein Alt-Neustadt”, president of the “Officers Society”, 1st president of the “Reichskameradschafts- und Kriegerbund” and chairman of the “Supreme Officers' Council”. From 1925 he was also President of the Chapter of the Military Maria Theresa Order .

After his death on April 9, 1927 at the age of 69, Colonel General Josef Freiherr Roth von Limanowa-Lapanów was buried in the Vienna Central Cemetery (Group 81B, No. 54), the grave is for the duration of the cemetery.

Since 1891 he was married to Countess Melanie Lasansky. They had two sons and two daughters.

Awards

Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order

literature

Web links

Commons : Josef Roth von Limanowa-Łapanów  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Arno Kerschbaumer, Nobilitations under the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph I. / I. Ferenc József király (1914–1916) . Graz 2017, ISBN 978-3-9504153-2-2 , p. 74.
  2. ↑ Arno Kerschbaumer: ennobling under the reign of Emperor Karl I / IV. Károly király (1916–1921) . Graz 2016, ISBN 978-3-9504153-1-5 , p. 132.
personal data
SURNAME Roth from Limanowa-Łapanów, Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roth von Limanowa-Łapanów, Josef Freiherr
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austro-Hungarian officer, most recently colonel general in the First World War
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1859
PLACE OF BIRTH Trieste
DATE OF DEATH April 9, 1927
Place of death Vienna