Kaiseroda
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Kaiseroda
commune Leimbach
Coordinates: 50 ° 49 ′ 16 ″ N , 10 ° 10 ′ 51 ″ E
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| Height : | 241 m above sea level NN | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1957 | |
| Postal code : | 36433 | |
| Area code : | 03695 | |
Location of Kaiseroda in Thuringia |
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 In the town
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Kaiseroda is a district of Leimbach in the Wartburg district in Thuringia .
location
Kaiseroda is located northwest of Leimbach on the federal highway 62 in the Werraniederung immediately south of the Bad Salzungen – Vacha railway line . Through the establishment of businesses in the 1990s, Kaiseroda has now grown together with Leimbach. The geographic height of the place is 241 m above sea level. NN .
history
The village of Vackenroda
The first mention of the village "Vackenroda" goes back to the year 1317, when this place is said to have belonged to a Heydenreich family as a Henneberg fief. It is very likely that the name of the village went back to the founder of Vackenroda. The village is also mentioned in the Schmalkalden contracts of August 10, 1330, as a result of which the office of Krayenberg with all villages as a fiefdom to Count Berthold VII . was sold by Henneberg . The village of Vackenroda is mentioned as a desolation in a feudal letter to the knight Johann Meisenbugh (1448), in an enumeration of the Count of Beichlingen (1513) and in the trial files "Hersfeld gegen Sachsen" (1520) . Around 1540 Vackenroda was probably settled again and is referred to as a branch of Salzungen in 1549 and 1554/55 . In the hereditary interest register from 1619, the entire tax obligation consists of a gold guilder, two Trifthammel, an Easter lamb and two baskets of salt . The size of the field markings was given as 104 acres of land and 82 acres of meadow. After overcoming the horrors of the 30 Years War , 25 people (including 4 men) lived in Vackenroda in 1671 on three built-up properties.
The making of Kaiseroda
The village of Vackenroda was close to the Werra and was always endangered by floods . In 1672 an attempt was made to reduce the risk of flooding by reinforcing the banks, drainage and flood ditches. In 1697, Johannes Kaiser , mayor of Vackenroda, demanded regulations for the Werra and also ditches. Ten years later, he successfully asked Duke Johann Wilhelm von Sachsen-Eisenach for permission to relocate his homestead with a new inn at a flood-proof location. On April 5, 1710, the bailiff Eccard of the Krayenberg office reported the completion of the homestead. At Pentecost 1710 the inn "Zum Kayßerhof" was inaugurated. In 1730, Johannes Kaiser expanded the site by another three courtyards. As a result of further major floods, the residents of Vackenroda began tearing down their buildings in 1736 and rebuilding them at the Kaiserhof on Landstrasse. This process was completed in 1749 with the demolition of the last house in Vackenroda. The newly created village was named "Kaiseroda" after its founder Johannes Kaiser. In 1781 the Kaisaröder district was described in the Creÿenberger official description . Accordingly, Kaiseroda consisted of 12 houses with a total of 10 wells and two taverns and had a usable area of 287 acres of arable land and 50 acres of meadows. As before Vackenroda, Kaiseroda belonged to the Tiefenort parish game.
Kaiseroda after 1800
On November 2, 1858, the Werra railway was officially opened , which touched the Kaiseroda district in the Eisenach-Salzungen section. Farmers who were not willing to sell were expropriated and received appropriate compensation. Kaiseroda was also connected to the Feldabahn , which was built between July 1878 and June 1880. As a result of an administrative reform in the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, the Tiefenort administrative office was dissolved in 1879 and Kaiseroda was incorporated into the Lengsfeld administrative office . In the same year, based on the census of 1875, statistical information on the place Kaiseroda was published for the first time. This year Kaiserroda had 18 houses with 107 inhabitants. The size of the Kaiserrodaer Flur was 130 ha of which farms and gardens 2.3 ha, meadows 17.4 ha, arable land 96.6 ha, ponds, streams and rivers 0.9 ha, paths, drifts, wastelands and orchards accounted for 12, There was no 7 hectare forest. The Kaiserroda livestock included 8 horses, 95 cattle, 174 sheep and 34 pigs. In 1898 one of the first potash shafts in the Werra potash district was sunk in the village .
From October 1, 1923 to 1924, Kaiseroda was incorporated into Leimbach for the first time . In 1950 the new and final incorporation took place. 1955 lived in Kaiseroda 246 inhabitants.
Population development
Development of the population of Vackenroda and Kaiseroda:
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- Data source: Creÿenbergischen new Ambts description 1671, state manual for the Grand Duchy of Saxony 1823–1874
Kali union "Kaiseroda"
For the first time in 1587, two baskets of salt were included in the list of the annual tax obligation of the residents of Vackenroda. Since at that time it was common to sell specially produced and manufactured products, there must have been a small brine spring in the districts of Vackenroda and Kaiseroda, from which salt was obtained in small quantities by evaporation.
The first search wells were unsuccessfully sunk in 1816 and 1825 at Unterrohn and Kaiseroda in the Grand Duchy of Saxony Weimar-Eisenach. Further boreholes were made in 1876 and 1881, when rock salt deposits were reached in 151 m and 144 m depths. As a result, the Eisenach entrepreneur Louis Finger was awarded a mine field near Kaiseroda by the responsible mining authority in Kaltennordheim and the approval to build a "Saline Kaiseroda" there. The ownership of the mine field changed to the Berlin banker Leopold Lippmann Hadra on December 24, 1879. After his death, his wife let the drilling work continue. In the summer of 1893, potash salts were found for the first time at a depth of 368 m in borehole No. 5 near Hämbach and recorded on October 5, 1893. This is considered to be the birth of potash mining in the Werra-Fulda district.
On November 27, 1894, the "Kaiseroda" potash union was founded in Berlin. In January 1895, sinking work began on the “Kaiseroda I” shaft on borehole No. 5 near Hämbach. This was the first sinking in the Werra-Fulda district. The sinking work was completed in December 1900 at a depth of 391 m. The crude salt extraction of the "Kaiseroda I" mine began on April 30, 1901. In February 1904, a potassium sulfate factory and a Glauber's salt factory were put into operation. In May 1911, the “Kaiseroda” union began the work on the 225 m spaced shafts “Kaiseroda II” and “Kaiseroda III” (double shaft system) in Merkers. On May 15, 1925, the newly built "Kaiseroda II / III" potash plant of the Wintershall Group began trial operations. At that time it was the largest and most modern potash fertilizer manufacturer in the world.
At the beginning of 1945 the gold and foreign exchange holdings of the German Reich and art objects from Berlin museums were stored in the Kaiseroda II / III mine field for security reasons. The treasure was later found by the US Army. The crude salt production of the potash plant began again in November 1945 and the commissioning of the potassium chloride factory in December 1945. On September 1, 1946, all potash operations in the Soviet occupation zone were incorporated into the Soviet joint-stock company (SAG) for potash fertilizers in Germany. On June 24, 1952, the company was outsourced and converted into a "state-owned company". The new name was VEB Kaliwerk "Kaiseroda II / III" (Merkers). With the renaming to VEB Kalikombinat "Ernst Thälmann" on July 5, 1953, the causal designation "Kaiseroda" for the works in question was dropped.
In 1965, the production of Shaft I in Hämbach was shut down. In 1990 VEB Kombinat "Kali" was transformed into Mitteldeutsche Kali AG. The three Werra plants in Thuringia formed the subsidiary “Kali Werra AG”. On June 22, 1993, the last crude salt from the Merkers potash site was extracted through shaft III (formerly Kaiseroda III) to the surface. On June 25, 1993 the final cessation of the potash operation in Merkers took place. The demolition work of the Merkers potash plant (formerly "Kaiseroda II / III") began on April 1, 1994.
literature
- Siegfried Baumgardt: Chronicle of Vackenroda and Kaiseroda . Ed .: Leimbach municipal administration.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
- ^ C. Kronfeld Regional Studies of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . Second part. Weimar 1879. pp. 88-89
- ↑ The place on www.rhoen.info. Retrieved on June 9, 2012
- ^ A b Paul Luther: Materials for local history lessons - Bad Salzungen district, Suhl district . Ed .: Council of the Bad Salzungen District, Department of Public Education. Bad Salzungen 1959, structure of the district of Suhl (overview of the places and population of the districts), p. 5-11 .
- ↑ Kurt Senf, Horst Berkes: Chronicle of the community Leimbach . Sparrowhawk PRINT
- ^ Government Gazette for the Grand Duchy of Saxony Weimar-Eisenach . No. July 27 , 25, 1901.
- ↑ a b census of December 1, 1900 and census of May 17, 1939.