Cape Emine
Coordinates: 42 ° 42 ′ 5 ″ N , 27 ° 53 ′ 59 ″ E
The Cape Emine ( Bulgarian Нос Емине Nos Emine ) is a Cape in the east of the Balkan Mountains on the Black Sea in Thrace in Bulgaria .
location
Cape Emine is located 79 km south of Varna and 54 km north of Burgas . Nearby are the towns of Obzor (14 km further north), as well as Nessebar (14 km as the crow flies over the sea, or 22 km overland around the bay), Sunny Beach (15 km to the west) and Sveti Vlas (8 km to the west) , all further south. Cape Enime is within sight of Sunny Beach and Nessebar. Conversely, from Cape Emine to the south you have an overview of the Bay of Nessebar.
The cape is located in the Burgas Oblast , Nessebar municipality. Two kilometers to the west is the village of Emona , the birthplace of the legendary Thracian king Rhesus .
Cape Emine is the end point of the Kom-Emine mountain hiking trail , the E3 European long-distance hiking trail and the northernmost point of the Burgas Bay . The southernmost point of the Burgas Bay is Maslen nos (Bulgarian Маслен нос).
The rock cape is the easternmost part of the Balkan Mountains. It drops almost vertically, 60 m deep into the sea. The cape is surrounded by hundreds of small rocks that protrude from the water within a radius of 250 m or are underwater. That is why the shore area here is extremely dangerous for ships that only circumnavigate the cape with a large safety margin. On the cape there is a 9.4 m high lighthouse , which began operating on December 15, 1880. Apparently Cape Emine is the stormiest cape in Bulgaria.
The Bulgarian Black Sea coast is divided into the northern and southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast at Cape Emine. Immediately north of Cape Emine is the Irakli nature reserve (Bulgarian Иракли).
North of the cape is the steep bank of Afrodiso (Bulgarian Афродизо).
Surname
The Kame Cape Emine is derived from a medieval monastery and a fortress located there ( fortress Emona - "Paleocasto" = "old fortress"), which bore the name Emine. Very little remains of the ruins of the monastery and fortress.
The name Emine comes from the ancient Greek name of the Balkan Mountains - Greek: Αίμος - Aimos (Aemon), Latin Haemus. Others derive the name of the cape from the Greek word for a “cool, stormy, windy place” or from the name of the mother of the Prophet Mohammed . Her name was Amina in Arabic , which is spoken as “Emine” in Turkish.
Monastery church
The monastery church "Sweti Nikola" is located approx. 1 km from the cape. Although it was declared a cultural monument, it was robbed and abandoned a few years ago. The outside of the monastery church was restored a few years ago. However, it is not open to the public. The monastery church is part of the former monastery "Sweti Nikola" (Bulgar. Св. Николай Чудотворец; Sweti Nikolaj the miracle worker - Nicholas of Myra ), which was founded in the 10th century. In 1805 the monastery was destroyed by the residents of Kardzhali , but was later rebuilt.
There are no exact sources of the monastery's beginnings. According to legend, the founding of the monastery is related to the patron saint of sailors and fishermen. on his hike through the Balkan Mountains he was pursued by the Ottomans. As he fled to the east, more and more land grew under his feet, further and further into the sea. This is how Cape Emine was created. At the end of his escape, the residents of the area built a monastery, of which he became the patron saint.
Birds
In the area of Cape Emine (0.5 ha ), 218 bird species were counted, 60 of which were included in the Bulgarian Red Book of Endangered Species in 1985 . According to BirdLife International (2004), 96 of the species encountered are of importance for European nature conservation. 8 species fall into the SPEC1 category (affected by global extinction). 29 species fall into SPEC2 (affected by extinction in Europe). 79 species fall into the SPEC3 category.
BirdLife International declared Cape Emine an important ornithological site in 1997. In 2005 the ornithologically important area was extended to the entire area of Cape Emine in order to protect bird species that are endangered on a European scale.
The pressure from the onslaught of mass tourism and the construction activity in the vicinity contradict the fact that the entire Cape Emine was largely declared a Natura 2000 area, which Bulgaria is obliged to comply with due to its membership in the EU. The whole area is still used by off-road vehicles, which is prohibited in Natura 2000 areas.
Council Directive 79/409 / EEC of April 2, 1979 on the conservation of wild bird species (Appendix 1) lists 73 of the bird species found at Cape Emine.
The Emine Bird Sanctuary extends from the village of Panitsovo in the west to Cape Emine in the east. In the north it encompasses the valley of the Dvoinitsa river to the villages of Aheloy and Kableshkovo in the south, including the northern part of the Bay of Burgas.
Cape Emona is located on the north-south migration route for migratory birds , the Via Pontica . Here is a bottleneck in the migration route for pelicans, storks and birds of prey. The migratory birds gather here to fly around the Balkan Mountains.
The storks and pelicans often fly directly over the Bay of Burgas.
The shore area and the water around Cape Emine is one of the few areas in Bulgaria where the Mediterranean shearwater ( Puffinus yelkouan ) can be found all the time . The cape is one of the most important places in Europe for these bird species. The same applies to the following bird species:
- Olive Mockers ( Hippolais olivetorum ),
- Woodlark ( Lullula arborea ),
- Half-ring flycatcher ( Ficedula semitorquata ),
- Middle woodpecker ( Dendrocopos medius ),
- European roller ( Coracias garrulus ),
- Lesser Spotted Eagle ( Aquila pomarina ),
- Short-tailed cattle ( Accipiter brevipes ),
- Nun's wheatear ( Oe. pleschanka ),
- Common tern ( Sterna hirundo ),
- Little tern ( Sterna albifrons ).
In winter , black- throated divers ( Gavia arctica ), pochard ( Aythya ferina ) and other water birds gather here in large numbers.
More Bulgarian capes
In addition to Cape Emine and Cape Kaliakra, there are also the capes on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast:
- Cape Konjan (Bulgarian Кочан)
- Cape Sweti Atanas (Bulgarian нос Свети Атанас) - 17 km north of Cape Emine
- Cape St. Constantine
- Cape Ilandjik
- Kap Tscherni nos (Bulgarian Черни нос)
- Cape Ilandschik (Bulgarian нос Иланджик)
- Cape Galata (Bulgarian нос Галата)
- Cape Shabla (at Shabla )
- Maslen Nos (Bulgarian Маслен нос)
- Cape Tuslata (Bulgarian нос Тузлата)
- Cape Ekrene
- Cape Rochi (Bulgarian нос Рохи)
- Cape Humata
