Karl Eduard Eichwald

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Karl Eduard Eichwald
Steppe picture on the road in front of the post station Donskoye near Stavropol , sketch by Eichwald

Karl Eduard Eichwald (russ. Эдуард Иванович Эйхвальд , Eduard Ivanovich Eichwald ; * 4. July 1795 in Jelgava † November 4, jul. / 16th November  1876 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Baltic German naturalist with key activities in geology and zoology .

Life

Eichwald studied science and medicine in Berlin and Vienna from 1814 , became a private lecturer in Dorpat in 1821 and professor of zoology and maternity studies in Kazan in 1823 . From here he undertook major research trips to the shores of the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus.

As a Russian State Council and professor of zoology and Gynecology in 1827 after Vilnius in the Vilnius University added, he served there as a stable Secretary of the 1,832 built medico-surgical Academy and received in 1838 the lectern zoology and mineralogy at the medico-surgical academy in St. Petersburg .

Eichwald made great contributions to geognostic, botanical and zoological research into the Russian Empire. On major trips, which he undertook in 1836 through Northern Italy and Switzerland, in 1838 through Estonia and Finland, the Petersburg governorate and the Scandinavian empires, he pursued mainly geological purposes. Appointed professor of palaeontology at the St. Petersburg Mountain Institute, he turned to the study of prehistoric remains in Russia, which led him to travel through the Eifel, Tyrol, Italy, Sicily and Algeria in 1846. He reports on it in the work Natural History Remarks, as a contribution to comparative geognosy (Stuttgart 1851). In 1822 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina and in 1841 of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1851 he retired and died in St. Petersburg in 1876.

Fonts

  • Journey on the Caspian Sea and into the Caucasus , undertaken in the years 1825–26 (Stuttgart 1834–37, 2 vols.)
  • Ancient Geography of the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus and Southern Russia (Berlin 1838)
  • Mémoire sur les richesses minérales des provinces occidentales de la Russie (Wilna 1835)
  • About the Silurian layer system of Estonia (Petersburg 1840)
  • The primeval world of Russia (Petersburg 1840–47, 4 issues)
  • The paleontology of Russia (Vol. 1, Petersburg 1851; French, Stuttgart 1850)
  • Analekten (Analekten (Greek, "Aufgelesenes"), a collection of selected passages from writers, especially poets; then also svw collective writing) from the paleontology and zoology of Russia (Moscow 1872)
  • Geognostisch-paleontological observations on the peninsula Mangishlak and the Aleutian Islands (Moscow 1872).

literature

Web links

Commons : Karl Eichwald  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ List of members Leopoldina, Eduard von Eichwald
  2. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 74.
personal data
SURNAME Eichwald, Karl Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eichwald, Karl Eduard von (full name); Eichwald, Eduard Iwanowitsch; Эйхвальд, Эдуард Иванович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Baltic naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH 4th July 1795
PLACE OF BIRTH Mitau , Latvia
DATE OF DEATH November 16, 1876
Place of death Saint Petersburg , Russia