Carl Rammelsberg
Carl (Friedrich August) Rammelsberg (born April 1, 1813 in Berlin , † December 28, 1899 in Berlin-Lichterfelde ) was a German chemist .
Life
He devoted himself first to pharmacy, studied from 1833 to 1837 natural sciences, namely chemistry and mineralogy at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin . After receiving his doctorate, he completed his habilitation in Berlin in 1840. In 1846 he received a professorship at the university. In 1850 he became a teacher of chemistry and mineralogy at the royal trade institute as the successor to Adolf Baeyer and also gave lectures at the Bergakademie Berlin .
In 1874 he received the second full professorship (inorganic chemistry) at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität and planned from 1881–1882 the new building of the 2nd Chemical Institute in Bunsenstrasse. Until 1891 he was its director. His successor was Hans Heinrich Landolt .
In 1855 he became a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin and in 1859 a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1862 he was elected to the Leopoldina , 1870 to the Göttingen Academy of Sciences , 1872 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 1893 to the National Academy of Sciences .
In 1867 he was one of the founding members of the German Chemical Society in Berlin and was elected to its executive committee in 1870, 1872 and 1874.
The zoologist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg was his father-in-law.
Act
Rammelsberg is regarded as an authority in the field of mineralogical chemistry and has also rendered services to analysis. He analyzed several minerals for the first time, including Augite , Franklinite and Tephroit . For others like magnesioferrite and tachyhydrite , he is considered the first to describe it.
His extensive mineralogical collection was transferred to the Humboldt University in Berlin in 1879 . In 2009, many collections, including minerals, were moved to the newly founded Museum für Naturkunde (Berlin) .
Works
- Concise dictionary of the chemical part of mineralogy (Berl. 1841, 5 supplements 1843–53), which was later published as the "Handbuch der Mineralchemie" (Leipz. 1860, 2nd edition, the. 1875, supplement 1886)
- Textbook of stoichiometry and general theoretical chemistry (Berl. 1842)
- Textbook of chemical metallurgy (das. 1850, 2nd ed., Das. 1865)
- Textbook of crystal science or the beginnings of crystallography, crystallophysics and crystallochemistry. A Guide to the Study of Chemistry and Mineralogy (das. 1852)
- Handbook of Crystallographic Chemistry (das. 1855)
- Handbook of crystallographic-physical chemistry (Leipz. 1881–82, 2 vols.)
- Outline of Chemistry (5th edition, Berl. 1881)
- The beginnings of quantitative mineralogical and metallurgical-analytical chemistry (that. 1845)
- Guide to qualitative (7th edition, 1885) and quantitative chemical analysis (4th edition, 1886)
- Elements of crystallography (that. 1883)
- Chemische Abhandlungen 1838-1888 (das. 1888) et al. Cf. "Karl Friedrich R.", Festschrift (Berl. 1887).
Articles in the Annals of Physics
- On the behavior of cyan to cadmium and on several double cyanures in general ; by C. Rammelsberg
- XII. Mineralogical-chemical notes on stilpnomelane, sulfuric alumina, and sulfuric iron oxide ; by C. Rammelsberg
- On the substances which were designated by the names of hair-salt and Federalaun ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the chemical composition of the datolite and the botryolite ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About a new basic sulfuric acid clay ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the compounds of iodine-zinc with alkaline iodines ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the composition of the berthierite from Bräunsdorf near Freiberg ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the single and double cyanides ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the boulangerite ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the chabazite and gmelinite ; by C. Rammelsberg
- Concerning the composition of the aft crystals of augite ; by C. Rammelsberg
- About the chemical composition of boracite, as well as that of the compounds of boric acid with talc earth in general ; by C. Rammelsberg
Honors
The mineral rammelsbergite is named after him.
literature
- Hans-Werner Schütt : Rammelsberg, Karl Friedrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 132 f. ( Digitized version ).
Individual evidence
- ^ History II. Chemical Institute in Bunsenstr. ( Memento of the original from February 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dito
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 195.
- ^ Obituary of the DChG 1900, of which he was a board member in 1870, 1872 and 1874 (see January meeting minutes).
- ↑ Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey: the world mostmagnificent mineral deposites ( Memento of October 21, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (English, bibliographies by Rammelsberg, CF)
- ↑ Catalog of the scientific collections of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (pilot project) - Mineralogical Collection ( Memento of the original of July 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Rammelsberg, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Rammelsberg, Carl Friedrich |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 1, 1813 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 28, 1899 |
| Place of death | Berlin-Lichterfelde |