Karl Scheel
Karl Franz Christian Scheel (born March 10, 1866 in Rostock , † November 8, 1936 in Berlin ) was a German physicist . He prepared the introduction of the thermodynamic temperature scale.
Life
In 1885 he passed the Abitur at the large city school in Rostock . He studied in Rostock and Berlin a. a. with Hermann von Helmholtz , Hermann Knoblauch , August Kundt and Jean Pernet (1845–1902). The doctorate in 1890 went on "The expansion of water with temperature by means of the thermometric method" in the private laboratory of Pernet.
He became a member of the Physical Society in Berlin and joined the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (PTR) as a scientific assistant. From 1900 Scheel became managing director and secretary of the German Physical Society (DPG), from 1919 honorary member. In 1913 he became a go. Government councilor and head of the physical-technical department of the PTR.
From 1926 he published the (blue) handbook of physics (with Hans Geiger ), the physical handbook (with Arnold Berliner ) and headed the “literary section” of the PTR. In 1919 he also took over the editing of the globally important “ Zeitschrift für Physik ”. Scheel often spent his vacation in Ilmenau in the Thuringian Forest, where he has visited almost 50 times since 1886. Since 1932 a memorial on the Hertzer Promenade commemorates him.
The level of achievement in physics in Germany in the 1920s was shown in the overview publication:
“Julius Springer published ... in the years 1926–1928, edited by Hans Geiger and Karl Scheel, 'with editorial assistance from Richard Grammel , Stuttgart, Fritz Henning (1877–1958), Berlin, Heinrich Konen , Bonn, Hans Thirring , Vienna , Ferdinand Trendelenburg , Berlin, Wilhelm Westphal , Berlin 'the' Handbook of Physics' in over 20 volumes. In the first volume, Edmund Hoppe , Göttingen wrote about the history of physics until 1895 (discovery of X-ray radiation), Karl Scheel about physical literature, Heinrich Emil Timerding , Braunschweig, about research and teaching, Reinhard Mecke (1895-1969) and A. Lambertz, Bonn , about lecture technology. The editing of volumes 20, 'Light as Wave Movement' and 21, Light and Matter 'was the responsibility of Heinrich Konen / Bonn. It wrote u. a. Rudolf Frerichs / Berlin, z. Z. Ann Arbor on line spectra and intensity rules, Pascual Jordan / Hamburg on energy levels in spectra, Alfred Landé / Tübingen on the Zeeman effect, Rudolph Minkowski / Hamburg on the strong effect , Leonhard Grebe / Bonn on X-ray spectra, R. Mecke / Bonn on continuous gas spectra, Peter Pringsheim / Berlin on luminescence and Raman spectra. "
At his funeral, Walter Grotrian praised him as a “ loyal Eckart of German physics”. From his estate he donated the Karl Scheel Prize , which has been awarded since 1958 for outstanding research achievements in the field of physics to post-doctoral researchers who belong to the Physical Society in Berlin, and the Karl Scheel Student Prize, which has been awarded since 1994 for the best performance in the physics high school at his former Rostock high school, the Rostock inner-city high school.
literature
- Rechenberg, Helmut: Scheel, Karl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 605 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Karl Scheel in the catalog of the German National Library
- Scheel's biography at the Physical Society in Berlin
Individual evidence
- ↑ See the entry of Karl Scheel's matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal
- ↑ Klaus Schlupmann, Past in the Field of View of a Physicist, Hans Kopfermann 1895–1963. A science study (online) .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Scheel, Karl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Scheel, Karl Franz Christian |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 10, 1866 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rostock |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 8, 1936 |
| Place of death | Berlin |