Carthusian monastery Nuremberg

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Choir of the Carthusian Church

The Carthusian monastery is a former Carthusian monastery in Nuremberg . The remains of the Charterhouse are now part of the Germanic National Museum .

history

Interior of the Carthusian Church

The monastery was donated to the Carthusian Order by the merchant Marquard Mendel in 1380 . The extensive complex was located in the southern suburb, outside the first city ​​wall between the Clariss monastery and the former Teutonic Order Church of St. Jakob . The foundation stone of the church was laid on February 16, 1381. Wenceslaus , King of Bohemia and Roman-German King, and the papal legate Cardinal Pileus were present at this event . The first monks are attested to as early as 1382 and the church is said to have been consecrated as early as 1383 or 1387. In 1385 the founder Marquard Mendel was buried in the church choir.

Work on the buildings of the monastery continued until the middle of the 15th century (sacristy, cloister with the monks' cells as well as community and commercial buildings).

The monastery, which was closed during the Reformation in 1525, was subsequently used profanely . From 1625 the church was used again for worship at least temporarily (initially Protestant, then from 1784 temporarily Catholic). In 1857 the badly damaged facility was finally handed over to the Germanic Museum .

Building history

The Germanic National Museum in 1884

After the laying of the foundation stone on February 16, 1381, the church was built in two phases: the eastern parts by 1383/87 and the western extension by 1405. After a dendrochronological investigation, the roof beams were felled that year. The chapter house was built at the same time as the church and sacristy, so that the floor plan was shaped like a cross. Shortly after 1459, the chapter house received a retracted choir with a three-sided broken end and the entire component was closed at the top with a reticulated vault. The small cloister courtyard was completed in 1405.

Due to the considerable destruction in World War II , u. a. the chapter house on the south side of the church was lost. In 1998 the former chapter house was archaeologically examined.

building

Around the single-aisled monastery church in Gothic style, some remains of the Carthusian monastery are still present or have been rebuilt heavily, such as the small and large monastery courtyards with parts of the vaulted cloisters and the monks' houses on the northern cloister wing.

See also

literature

  • Dehio : Bayern I: Franken , 2nd edition, Munich 1999, p. 766 ff.
  • Günther P. Fehring and Anton Ress (†): The city of Nuremberg. Brief inventory , 2nd edition, edit. by Wilhelm Schwemmer, Munich: Dt. Art publ. 1977 [un. Reprint 1982] (= Bayerische Kunstdenkmale; 10), p. 198 ff.
  • Hermann Maué: The buildings of the Charterhouse from their foundation in 1380 to their takeover by the museum in 1857 , in: Bernward Deneke and Rainer Kahsnitz (eds.): The Germanisches Nationalmuseum. Nuremberg 1852–1977. Contributions to its history , Munich / Berlin 1978, pp. 315–356.
  • G. Ulrich Großmann: Architecture and Museum - Building and Collection, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997 (= cultural-historical walks in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum , vol. 1), passim and esp. Pp. 12–26.
  • Claudia Frieser, The archaeological investigation of the former chapter room in the Carthusian monastery in Nuremberg , in: Anzeiger des Germanisches Nationalmuseums 2000, pp. 67–75.
  • Sabina Fulloni, investigations on the roof structure of the Marienkirche of the Carthusian monastery in Nuremberg , in: Anzeiger des Germanisches Nationalmuseums 2001, pp. 177–183.
  • Erik Soder v. Güldenstubbe: Nürnberg , in: Monasticon Cartusiense , ed. by Gerhard Schlegel, James Hogg, Volume 2, Salzburg 2004, 358–364.

See also

Web links

Commons : Kartäuserkloster Nürnberg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Großmann 1997, 14 f.

Coordinates: 49 ° 26 '53 "  N , 11 ° 4' 35"  E