Augustinian Monastery Nuremberg

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The Nuremberg Augustinian monastery was an Augustinian monastery (also: Augustinian hermits) in the Bavarian diocese of Bamberg . The Augustinian monastery is considered to be the nucleus of the Reformation in Nuremberg.

history

Augustinian monastery

The Augustinian monastery was first mentioned in a document around 1265. Originally built on the Geiersberg in front of the Neutor, it was relocated to the city a few years later after a fire and rebuilt between Schustergasse / southern Augustinerstraße and Karlstraße / Winklerstraße near the Weinmarkt. It cannot be proven whether the entire area of ​​the monastery extended to the Pegnitz.

Around 1420, the Augustinian monastery became the starting point of the observance movement , which made it more important. Since strict compliance with the rules was also controversial in Nuremberg, it could only be enforced with the help of the Inner Council . With the assumption of office of Prior Simon Lindner von Leiseneck it could be secured.

Since 1479 the monastery ran its own printing house. Prior Johann Mantel was one of the founding professors of the University of Wittenberg . At the beginning of the 16th century, the Augustinian monastery, in which Regiomontanus , Hartmann Schedel , Willibald Pirckheimer and Christoph Scheurl frequented, became a center of the flourishing humanism in Nuremberg . A circle was formed around Johann von Staupitz , who as vicar general of the Augustinian observants stayed several times for long periods of time, which also attracted members of the patriciate ( Sodalitas Staupitziana ).

reformation

Wenzeslaus Linck introduced this group, in which basic theological questions were discussed, to Martin Luther's theses . Luther, himself an Augustinian monk, stopped by Cardinal Cajetan (1518) after being interrogated in Augsburg in the Augustinian monastery in Nuremberg.

The reformer Andreas Osiander came to the monastery as a Hebrew teacher in 1520. He became the spiritual leader of the Reformation in Nuremberg.

Under the prior Wolfgang Volprecht , who on August 13, 1524 was the first to offer the council to hand over the monastery in exchange for supplies, the Reformation began in Nuremberg from the Augustinian convent . The Augustinians became multipliers of Luther's teaching.

The buildings, which were vacant due to the dissolution of the monastery, were used by the city and land alms office after the Reformation. Later, after various uses, the buildings stood empty and slowly fell into disrepair until they were demolished in 1872. The frescoes in the cloister mentioned by Johann Neudörffer were destroyed in the process.

St. Veit's Augustinian Church

Augustinerkirche Nürnberg (engraving in the series "Alt-Nürnberg" from 1846)

The church building of the Augustinian monastery with the patronage of St. Vitus was completed around 1275. The altar consecrations are attested in the years 1278 and 1279. The nave was laid down around 1479 and the new building in the form of a Gothic hall church was built by master builder Hans Beer, based on the design by master Heinrich Echser. One year after completion, the altars and chapels were consecrated in 1486.

The Augustinian Church was popularly known as the Schusterkirche because of the shoemaker's shops attached to the church .

Closed after the Reformation, the church was not reopened for worship until 1614. After the transfer of the imperial city of Nuremberg to the Kingdom of Bavaria , the towerless church was used as a stable and hay store in 1814/15 and sold for demolition in 1816 by the new city leaders. Many of the city's cultural assets were sold or destroyed during this period to pay off the city's debts. (see also: Franciscan Monastery Nuremberg )

Former furnishings of the monastery church

Altars

From the former furnishings of the Augustinian Church are known and preserved:

Peringsdörfer epitaph

The epitaph created by Adam Kraft in 1498 in the form of a high relief of a protective mantle Madonna was originally installed in the Augustinian Church and after its demolition came to the Frauenkirche in 1816. It is considered a stone carving of extraordinary quality.

Use after 1806

Sparkasse / schools

On the initiative of the second mayor Johannes Scharrer , some of the institutions that still exist today have been housed in the former monastery buildings over the years:

Courthouse

After the monastery building was demolished in 1872, the Nuremberg court building was erected here in 1877, but it soon became too small for all instances. In 1901, the Higher Regional Court moved into the new building at Weintraubengasse 1. From 1916 onwards, all courts and public prosecutors were housed in the newly built Justice Palace at Fürther Straße 110 on the premises of the cell prison .

Todays use

Monastery grounds

Commemorative plaque for the Augustinian monastery at the “Hauptmarkt” car park in Augustinerstraße
Parking garage in Augustinerstraße

The buildings on the site were destroyed in the Second World War. Today there is a parking garage, the Cafe & Hotel Central and a delicatessen bakery. Augustinerstraße was widened to accommodate car traffic.

Ground south of the monastery

The area south of Augustinerstraße to Pegnitz consists of residential buildings, bars and the so-called Augustinerhof.

Augustinerhof

→ Main article: Augustinerhof

The name Augustinerhof was created in the early 1990s as a melodious project name for the planned building project of the investor Aboussaidy. Historical connections between the area and the Augustinian monastery were suspected at best, but not verifiable.

The decaying parts of the building in the center of the Augustinerhof were the remains of the printing house owned by Franz Willmy (1856–1922), who had the Nordbayerische Volkszeitung printed here . His son, Max Willmy published the 8 o'clock newspaper (later: Abendzeitung ), the kicker , the Fränkische Tageszeitung (later: Fränkischer Kurier ) and, during National Socialism, the striker . Around 1973 the site became too small, the print shop moved and the company buildings were given up.

Since the Augustinerhof had been falling into disrepair for decades and the planned concept of the building contractor Mohammad Abousaidy and the Chicago star architect Helmut Jahn, who was born in Nuremberg, was inadequate for this sensitive location and was rejected by the population, it remained the blot on the city center in the eyes of the Nuremberg citizens.

In 2006, the Alpha Group under Gerd Schmelzer acquired the 5000 square meter area of ​​the Augustinerhof and planned a new development concept. The old buildings have now been torn down and the archaeological investigations have been completed. The Augustinerhof is currently used as a chargeable car park.

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ From the monastery to the penitentiary. nordbayern.de, November 6, 2008, accessed on August 30, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Nürnberger Nachrichten - June 12th, 2008 Tinkering with the new look of the Augustinerhof - Twelve architects selected for an ideas competition for the 5000 square meter area on the main market ( Memento of the original from November 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / augustinerhof.com
  3. ↑ Brief report about the Augustinerhof in the NN  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.nn-online.de  

Web links

Coordinates: 49 ° 27 ′ 15 ″  N , 11 ° 4 ′ 31 ″  E