Child life

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Child life
City of Gotha
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 34 ″  N , 10 ° 44 ′ 55 ″  E
Height : 300 m above sea level NN
Postal code : 99867
Area code : 03621
Child life (Thuringia)
Child life

Location of Kindleben in Thuringia
The former Gutshof Kindleben (April 2013)
The former Gutshof Kindleben (April 2013)

Kindleben is a small settlement belonging to the city of Gotha in Thuringia . Originally an independent village, the settlement now only consists of the former manor, which was abandoned to decay, and four other houses.

location

Kindleben is located about four kilometers northeast of the city center of Gotha at the fork of the streets from Gotha to Gräfentonna in the north, Gierstädt in the northeast and Erfurt (via Friemar ) in the east. It is located in the Thuringian Basin on a slight hill between the Wild Graben valley in the west and the Nesse valley in the east.

history

Kindleben was first mentioned in a document as Kintileba as early as 802 , making it one of the oldest known places in Thuringia.

About a third of the village meadows, which had a little more than 63 hooves , had been owned by the von Hettstedt family since the 13th century. Among others, Friedrich von Hettstedt (1290, 1304 and 1316) and Heinrich von Hettstedt (1319 and 1329) are mentioned in documents as sellers of land in Kindleben. As part of sales and donations, the village's property and interest income also went to the Augustinian monastery in Gotha and the Reinhardsbrunn , Georgenthal and Breitungen monasteries .

1408 sold the brothers Lutze (Lutz) and Fritz von Hettstedt the city of Gotha on the Saturday before Simonis and Judae day (d. H. On October 22) , the Dorff and courts to child life [...] with all Belongings in Dorffe and uf the field to child life together Interest obligations of all residents there for 600 Rhenish guilders . The possessions of the von Hettstedt brothers in Kindleben, which were sold at the time, consisted of 20 Hufen land and 11 farms and farmsteads.

For the year 1447 the court book of the place started by the Gotha Nikolaus Geblerus (Gebler) is documented. In 1448 the Kindleber church, where a pleban was employed, was restored or rebuilt by the very same Nikolaus Gebler, as evidenced by the Latin inscription on a sandstone plaque that has survived to this day (which was originally attached to the church wall): Anno Domini MCCCCXLVIII fundatum est hoc opus per Dominum Nicolaum Geblerum, Vicarium in Honorem Beatae Mariae Virginis Gotheniem. (Basically: this work was done in 1448 by Mr. Nikolaus Gebler, Vicar of Gotha's Marienkirche. )

As a result of the peasant war in 1524, the parish of Kindleben was also devastated. The number of inhabited houses and farmed farms obviously fell sharply in the following years, because by 1534 there was no longer any parish. Nevertheless, a number of courtyards still seem to have been inhabited, because the following bailiffs from child life are mentioned in the court book: Hans Reichenbach (1551, first bailiff), Bagoldstein (1575), Johann Petzelt (1578) and Heinrich Henning (1583). In 1571 the city of Gotha stipulated that the courts in Kindleben should be held twice a year. In the same year the city decreed that the remaining residential buildings and stables in the village should be kept in their structural condition . This also included the church, which was preserved until 1717, as it was inhabited by the corridor gate during the summer . Since a governor of the village was mentioned for the last time in 1583, Kindleben was probably abandoned by the last inhabitants at the end of the 16th century and turned into a desert . In 1773 the abandoned village was only described as a deserted church .

The place seems to have been completely uninhabited for just under two centuries, because as early as 1778, a few days before Easter, it was announced that a newly established inn would be opened in Kindleben for Easter. The restoration became a popular excursion destination, especially among the Gotha people, and was expanded into the Kindleben inn and rest house when the large estate was rebuilt in the first half of the 19th century . Well-known innkeepers at the beginning of the 20th century included August Lungershausen and Hermann Zülch. After 1945 and until the political change in 1989, an apprentice dormitory was housed in the extensive building complex. Since then, the former estate has been empty and is increasingly falling into disrepair. The middle section on the Gotha-Friemar road with its once distinctive, tower-like roof turret above the main entrance has already collapsed.

Of the original buildings of the old village, only the fieldstone east wall of the former church and parts of the foundation walls and vaults of the church, which were included in the new building of a residential building during the repopulation, have survived today. To this day, the remains of those who were buried here have been found during earthworks around the site of the former church.

The Kindleber Judgment Hill

View from the west of the Kindleber Court Hill
Benches made of old stone blocks in front of the court hill

A special feature of the former village is the so-called Judgment Hill on the northeastern edge of the village, an artificial, circular and flattened embankment about two meters high and about 20 meters in diameter. It is believed that it was originally a barrow of the Aunjetitz culture from the early Bronze Age.

In the Middle Ages, the hill is said to have been the location of a tower hill castle and after its disappearance into the late 16th century, a court for children and the surrounding towns. Already in 1350 the place was mentioned as a court .

Until around 1860 there was a stone cross with a sword chiseled on it as a sign of the former jurisdiction of the place and until the early 20th century the flat hill, which is now covered by large trees, was popularly known as The Court .

The use as a court mound, however, contradicts Herbert Motschmann's representation, according to which the court should not have been held on the mound, "[...] but in a place north of the inn, which was bordered with 12 stones".

According to legend, a treasure is to be found under the hill to this day, which the Kindleber buried under the linden tree that once stood there before enemies approached.

The court hill is located in the Gotha district (corridor 28, parcels 64, 64/9002) and is listed as a ground monument in the city's list of monuments.

Others

In Gotha, various place names refer to the former village, such as the "Kindleber settlement" (the former air base) in the northeast of the city, which today consists of only a few buildings, the Kindleber Strasse, the Kindleber Weg and the street Am Kindleber Feld.

The place found literary precipitation u. a. in Heinrich August Ottokar Reichard's poem Der Hügel bei Kindleben , in which the author described the place in 1773 as a desolate church not far from Gotha, in a very beautiful area . Reichard mentions the old court linden tree on the hill as a hundred-year-old trunk .

The approximately two-kilometer-long Aalbach rises in Kindleben and flows into the Nesse northeast of Friemar .

The ancient noble family of those of child life that once existed has died out. In 1337 a Heinrich von Kindleben is mentioned as vicar of the new Petri and Paul Altarpiece in Gotha's Margarethenkirche . In the context of sales and donations, the following are mentioned in documents: Gunther von Kyntleyben (1372, at the time captain of the Counts of Schwarzburg on the Schwarzburg ), Conrad von Kyntleybe (1379) and Heinrich von Kindleben (1412, at the time vicar of the Eisenach Marienstift).

The illustrator and photographer Kai Kretzschmar (born 1974), who lives in Kindleben, bears the artist name "Kai von Kindleben".

The bourgeois family name "Kindleb" is today mainly around Eisenach, Gotha and Weimar, but has only a few names.

literature

Web links

Commons : Kindleben  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wolfgang Kahl: First mention of Thuringian towns and villages. Fifth edition. Bad Langensalza, 2010, p. 141
  2. ↑ August Beck: History of the Gothaischen Land. Gotha, 1868, Volume II, p. 13ff.
  3. ↑ a b c Friedrich Rudolphi: Gotha Diplomatica. Or a detailed historical description of the Principality of Saxony-Gotha. Frankfurt / Leipzig, 1717, Volume III, pp. 128f.
  4. ↑ a b August Beck: History of the Gothaischen Land. Gotha, 1868, Volume II, p. 16.
  5. ↑ a b August Beck: History of the Gothaischen Land. Gotha, 1868, Volume II, p. 17.
  6. ^ Carl Kehl: Ort-Lexikon der Stadt Gotha , Gotha 1891
  7. ↑ Thomas Huck: The prehistoric and early historical settlement , Gotha no year, p. 13f.
  8. ^ Heinz Julius Rausch: Stone crosses in the Gotha district. In: Der Friedenstein , Gotha 1931
  9. ^ Hermann Kaufmann: Prehistoric burial mounds in the area of ​​the districts of Gotha and Langensalza. In: Alt-Thüringen , Weimar 1963, Volume 6, p. 241
  10. ^ Luise Gerbing : The field names of the Duchy of Gotha and the forest names of the Thuringian Forest between the Weinstrasse in the west and the Schorte (sluice) in the east; on behalf of the Association for Thuringian History and Archeology. and ed. by Luise Gerbing . Jena G. Fischer, 1910 ( archive.org [accessed May 23, 2020]).
  11. ↑ a b Herbert Motschmann: Gothaer Rechtsaltertümer , Gotha 1956, p. 26
  12. ^ Andreas M. Cramer: The Gotha legends. Told in High German , Gotha 2005, p. 47.
  13. ↑ The treasure under the linden tree
  14. ↑ gotha.de (PDF) List of monuments belonging to the large district of Gotha
  15. ^ Heinrich August Ottokar Reichard, Der Hügel bei Kindleben , Gotha 1773, p. 3
  16. ^ Heinrich August Ottokar Reichard, Der Hügel bei Kindleben , Gotha 1773, p. 5
  17. ^ Friedrich Rudolphi: Gotha Diplomatica. Or a detailed historical description of the Principality of Saxony-Gotha. Frankfurt / Leipzig, 1717, Volume III, p. 41.
  18. ↑ Count Heinrich von Schwarzburg, Herr zu Leutenberg, certifies that the castle man Günther von Kindleben zu Schwarzburg gave the priest Peter von Erfurt, monks from Paulinzella, and the convent there 4 pounds, 2 shillings pfennigs and 14 chickens annual interest at Wülfershausen (between Arnstadt and Kranichfeld) and sold 3 hooves himself. Retrieved September 6, 2014 .
  19. ↑ Conrad von Kindleben (Kyntleyben) sells two pieces of fields to Löbeschütz (Löbeschitz) with the consent of Count Gunther and Hans von Schwarzburg Klaus (Clawes) Wolff, Bürger zu Königsee. Retrieved September 6, 2014 .
  20. ^ Johann Hochgesang: The ecclesiastical situation in Gotha at the time of the Reformation. Gotha 1841, p. 24