Kionophyton
| Kionophyton | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Kionophyton | ||||||||||||
| Garay |
Kionophyton is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It contains four or five species that are common in Central America.
description
The species of the genus Kionophyton are terrestrial, relatively large, perennial , herbaceous plants. The hairy roots arise in clusters at the base of the shoot, they are fleshy, thickened cylindrical to spindle-shaped. The leaves are stalked, the base of the leaves encompasses the stem, the overlapping leaf bases form a small "false stem" under the leaf rosette. The leaves are present at flowering time.
The terminal inflorescence is a multi-flowered, one-sided grape . The peduncle is surrounded by some bracts , in the upper area it is hairy. The ovary is also hairy, it points upwards and is slightly twisted. The resupinated , tubular flowers protrude horizontally, they are greenish or yellowish in color. The sepals are shaped roughly the same as each other, fused together in the lower half, the outer sides are hairy. The two lateral sepals form a clear nectarium with their asymmetrical, rounded, bulged base . The dorsal sepal is fused with the column at the base. The petals adhere to the outer petals. The lip is divided into three parts: at the base it is abruptly narrowed, creasingly folded, at the edge with two thickened nectar glands. The middle part is wider, the sides are turned up in a runny manner and adhere to the column . The front part is also wide, the tip is bent down. The column is club-shaped, reaching at the base beyond the point of attachment on the ovary (column foot), the underside is hairy. The stamen is oval hood-shaped, pointed or blunt ended. The pollinia are club-shaped with a small, oval adhesive disc (Viscidium). The scar is semicircular to V-shaped. The separating tissue between the stamen and stigma (rostellum) is briefly triangular, indistinctly three-pointed at the tip.
Occurrence
Kionophyton is distributed from Mexico via Guatemala , El Salvador , Costa Rica , Nicaragua and Honduras . They occur at altitudes of 1400 to 2500 meters. The locations are in forests of oak and pine.
Systematics and botanical history
Kionophyton is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Spiranthinae . The genus was described by Leslie Garay in 1982 with the type species Kionophyton seminuda . The name Kionophyton is made up of the Greek words kion , "column", and phyton , "plant". It refers to the columnar leaf bases below the leaf rosette.
The genera Deiregyne , Dichromanthus and Schiedeella are closely related to Kionophyton .
The species of the genus Kionophyton :
- Kionophyton pollardianum Szlach., Rutk. & Mytnik : It occurs in the Mexican state of Oaxaca .
- Kionophyton pyramidalis (Lindl.) Garay : It occurs from Mexico to Costa Rica. It is placed by Salazar and R. Govaerts as Aulosepalum pyramidale (Lindl.) MADix & MWDix to the genus Aulosepalum .
- Kionophyton riodelayensis (Burns-Bal.) Catling : It occurs in the Mexican state of Oaxaca . R. Govaerts places it as Aulosepalum riodelayense (Burns-Bal.) Salazar in the genus Aulosepalum .
- Kionophyton sawyeri (Standl. & LOWilliams) Garay : It only occurs in Mexico.
- Kionophyton seminuda (Schltr.) Garay : It occurs from Mexico to Guatemala.
supporting documents
Most of the information in this article comes from:
- Leslie A. Garay: A generic revision of the Spiranthinae . In: Botanical Museum Leaflets of Harvard University . tape 28 , no. 4 , 1982, pp. 329-330 .
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 215-217 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Kionophyton. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 30, 2020.