Schiedeella

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Schiedeella
Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Cranichideae
Sub tribus : Spiranthinae
Genre : Schiedeella
Scientific name
Schiedeella
Schltr.

Schiedeella is a plant genus in the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The approximately 18 species are distributed from the southern USA to Central America , the center of biodiversity is in Mexico .

description

Vegetative characteristics

The Schiedeella species are slender, perennial herbaceous plants that grow terrestrially or occasionally epiphytically . The roots are fleshy, spindle-shaped to bulbous and hairy. One or more basal leaves form a rosette; by the time they bloom they are often withered. The leaves are clearly stalked, the petiole includes the shoot. The leaf blade is oval, the leaf surface is green, with some species bluish or reddish tinged.

Generative characteristics

The racemose , one-sided inflorescence in some species is sometimes hairy in the upper area. It is partially covered by tubular to lanceolate bracts . The hairless bracts are oval to lanceolate, green, greenish-white or reddish in color.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The ovary is cylindrical to spindle-shaped, somewhat twisted, it points diagonally upwards. The occasionally fragrant flowers are white, pink or reddish. The flowers are tubular, they stand horizontally or point upwards. The sepals are the same, they are roughly bell-shaped, the tips bent outwards. The dorsal sepal is concave and for a part fused with the column. The lateral sepals start at the base of the column with a slanted base. The narrow petals lie against the dorsal sepal and adhere with their inner edges there, their tips are free. The lip is narrowed (“nailed”) for a short distance at its base, then widened heart-shaped to arrow-shaped with two lateral nectar glands. The blade of the lip is fleshy, with longitudinal ridges and often covered with hair. The slender, slightly curved column is club-shaped, at the base reaching beyond the point of attachment to the ovary (columnar foot). It is hairy underneath. The scar is round. The stamen is oval to heart-shaped, pointed at the front. It contains the club-shaped, yellow pollinia that hang on a common, tongue-shaped adhesive disc (Viscidium). The separating tissue between the stamen and stigma (rostellum) is triangular and ends with a point. The capsule fruit is oval.

Occurrence

Schiedeella occurs mainly in Central America. In the north, Schiedeella arizonica reaches the US states of Arizona , New Mexico and Texas . In the south, the area extends to Panama , and the islands of Cuba and Hispaniola are also settled. The Schiedeella species occur at higher altitudes of 700 to 3200 meters. They grow in montane forests, bushes and in open, rocky places. They are mostly found in humus-rich soils , some species can also grow epiphytically in humus pockets or moss cushions.

Systematics and botanical history

The genus schiedeella in 1920 by Rudolf Schlechter in supplements to the Botanical Centralblatt. Second Department, Systematics, Plant Geography, Applied Botany , Volume 37 (2, Issue 3) :, pages 379-380 set up. The generic name Schiedeella honors the German plant collector Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede (1798–1836). A synonym for Schiedeella Schltr. is Gularia Garay .

The genus Schiedeella belongs to the subtribe Spiranthinae from the tribe Cranichideae in the subfamily Orchidoideae within the family Orchidaceae .

The genus Schiedeella is closely related to some species in the genus Funkiella and Microthelys . Balogh defined the genus very broadly in 1982, with many more species from various related genera. Others, such as Garay , Szlachetko or Salazar , used a narrower generic concept, with Szlachetko's scope of Schiedeella according to DNA analysis not being monophyletic .

The genus Schiedeella contains around 18 species (as of 2020):

The following are no longer included in the genus Schiedeella (as of 2016):

  • Schiedeella amesiana Garay → Greenwoodiella wercklei (Schltr.) Salazar & R.Jiménez
  • Schiedeella confusa (Garay) Espejo & López-Ferr. → Sotoa confusa (Garay) Salazar
  • Schiedeella densiflora (C. Schweinf.) Burns-Bal. → Deiregyne densiflora (C. Pig) Salazar & Soto Arenas
  • Schiedeella garayana R.González → Greenwoodiella micrantha var. Garayana (R.González) Salazar & R.Jiménez
  • Schiedeella parasitica (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Schltr. → Funkiella parasitica (A.Rich. & Galeotti) Salazar & Soto Arenas
  • Schiedeella valerioi (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Szlach. & Sheviak → Funkiella valerioi (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Salazar & Soto Arenas
  • Schiedeella wercklei (Schltr.) Garay → Greenwoodiella wercklei (Schltr.) Salazar & R.Jiménez

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Schiedeella. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Accessed March 31, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b c d Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 253-256 .
  3. ^ A b Leslie A. Garay: A generic revision of the Spiranthinae . In: Botanical Museum Leaflets of Harvard University . tape 28 , no. 4 , 1982, pp. 356-357 .
  4. ↑ Schiedeella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 21, 2018.
  5. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .

Further information