Funkiella

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Funkiella
Funkiella hyemalis

Funkiella hyemalis

Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Cranichideae
Sub tribus : Spiranthinae
Genre : Funkiella
Scientific name
Funkiella
Schltr.

Funkiella is a genus of the family of orchids (Orchidaceae), which only seven species contains. The pronounced high mountain plants are widespread from Mexico to Costa Rica.

description

The species of the genus Funkiella are terrestrial, small, perennial , herbaceous plants. The roots arise in clusters at the base of the shoot, they are fleshy, hairy, bulbous, thickened, sometimes stalked. A few leaves stand together in a loose rosette. They are narrow-oval to lanceolate and have a pointed end, in some species they are clearly stalked. At the time of flowering, the leaves are sometimes withered.

The terminal, upright inflorescence is a little-flowered, one-sided grape . The peduncle is smooth or hairy in the upper area. The bracts that surround the peduncle are tubular to lanceolate, they end pointed. The bracts are large, oval and pointed to a point. The resupinated , fragrant flowers are white or greenish, with red or red-brown markings. The ovary is spindle-shaped to cylindrical, hairless or only slightly hairy, hardly twisted. While the ovary stands upright, the tubular flower envelope points sideways or slightly downwards. The three sepals are unevenly shaped, the dorsal sepal is partially fused with the column, the lateral sepals are asymmetrical and somewhat enlarged at their base, where they form a blunt bulge with the slightly sack-like base of the lip . The petals adhere to the dorsal sepal. The lip is creased, the tip is curved downwards. The lower half is fleshy, at the base with the lateral sepals and the extension of the column (column base) forming a sack-like nectarium, there the edges are thickened to nectar glands. The column is slender, club-shaped, with a short, curved base. The scar is oval and lies across the axis of the column. The stamen is oval to heart-shaped and pointed, the column surrounds it with a thin tissue (clinandrium), the stamen is completely fused. The light yellow pollinia are club-shaped and adhere to a linear, elongated, gray adhesive disc (Viscidium). The separating tissue between stigma and stamen (rostellum) is flexible and very thinly triangular, it ends almost thread-like.

Occurrence

Funkiella is common in the southern United States (Texas), Mexico, Guatemala, and Costa Rica. They occur at altitudes of 2000 to 4000 meters. The locations are forests of oak, pine and fir, dry shrubbery and alpine grasslands.

Systematics and botanical history

Funkiella is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Spiranthinae . The genus was described by Rudolf Schlechter in 1920 with the then only species Funkiella hyemalis .

While Schlechter has already compared the genus Funkiella with Schiedeella , recent studies show a close relationship with the genus Microthelys .

The name Funkiella honors the Belgian plant collector Nicolas Funk , also written Funck (1816–1896).

The species of the genus Funkiella :

supporting documents

Most of the information in this article comes from:

  • Leslie A. Garay: A generic revision of the Spiranthinae . In: Botanical Museum Leaflets of Harvard University . tape 28 , no. 4 , 1982, pp. 319-320 .
  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 207-210 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rudolf Schlechter: Attempt to systematically reorganize the Spiranthinae . In: Supplements to the Botanisches Centralblatt . tape 37 , 2, issue 3, 1920, pp. 430-431 ( csic.es [PDF]).
  2. ↑ Gerardo A. Salazar, Mark W. Chase, Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Martin Ingrouille: Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 90 , 2003, p. 777-795 ( amjbot.org ).
  3. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2016. ISBN 978-3-946292-10-4 , doi : 10.3372 / epolist2016
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Cypripedium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 9, 2016.

Further information

Web links

Commons : Funkiella  - album with pictures, videos and audio files