Klaus choice

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Klaus Wahl (born November 23, 1944 in Stuttgart ) is a German social scientist and aggression researcher; his research combines natural and social sciences .

Life

After studying economics, sociology, psychology, philosophy and political science at the Technical University of Stuttgart and the University of Munich (graduate sociologist 1969), from 1970 he was initially managing director of an expert commission of the federal government for the preparation of a family report and at the same time began scientific work on German Youth Institute eV (DJI) , Munich. There he did research on family, children and youth issues and later headed the scientific staff unit of the DJI. In addition to his work, he obtained his doctorate in 1988 at the University of Bamberg (with Ulrich Beck) and completed his habilitation in 1998 at the University of Munich, where he has since worked as a private lecturer and professor. He also taught at other domestic and foreign universities, including as a visiting professor at Venice International University (Venice), Universidad de Chile (Santiago de Chile) and Universidade de Brasília (Brasília). In 2008 he was a fellow at the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg , Delmenhorst. Since 2010, Klaus Wahl has been researching and advising within the framework of the "Psychosocial Analysis and Prevention - Information System (PAPIS)", Munich, u. a. on questions of the emergence of morality , aggression , xenophobia and right-wing extremism .

plant

Klaus Wahl carried out a large number of empirical studies , including a. Representative surveys on the situation of families in Germany ( Familienalltag 1989), studies on the situation of lower-class families ( families are different in 1980) and on violence in families ( Die Modernisierungsfalle 1989, studies on violence in families 1990) - including the first large German dark field study on violence in Familys. He was involved in the development of new methods of social research such as the use of video feedback and time-saving evaluation procedures in interviews, acted as the chief editor of a handbook on families ( How's the family? 1988) and wrote with M.-S. Honig and L. Gravenhorst published a book about the "making of" a research project that thematizes the subjectivity of family members ( science and interests. For the production of subjectivity-oriented social research 1982). It is about trying to balance the conflicting interests of political clients and donors, scientific claims and the interests of those examined. The book shows that research in practice often follows different rules than method textbooks prescribe.

Wahl's dissertation Die Modernisierungsfalle (1989) dealt with two questions, on the one hand, how constructs such as “ self-confidence ”, “ self-worth ” and “self-esteem” have become important elements of the Western image of man with its claims and hopes over the course of history and, secondly, how far Problems of self-worth, which are nourished by social pressure on parents, are acted out by them in violence.

His early studies deal with the fact that the conventional theories and methods of sociology were insufficient to adequately explain central social phenomena from love to violence and behavior in institutions from families to economics and politics. He explains that from the very beginning of sociology, many prominent authors propagated a very rationalistic view of man based on the “sense” of world elements, with blind spots regarding the biological basis and the preconscious, emotional motives of social behavior. Wahl described these theoretical and methodological deficits in his habilitation thesis exploring a deep sociology. Critique of Sociological Reason (1997) and recommended in it a scientific and psychological explanation of sociology. Its scientific paradigm is that of a "bottom up" knowledge strategy based on evolutionary theory or a vertical biopsychosociological integration of the various levels of explanations of social behavior and social phenomena, i.e. H. the analysis of the interplay of biological, psychological and sociological factors and mechanisms, e.g. B. Produce aggression and violence. Since the mid-1990s, Wahl has led a series of interdisciplinary studies by psychologists, natural and social scientists from the German Youth Institute, Max Planck institutions and universities on xenophobia , right-wing extremism and violence among young people . One of the central results was that such problematic behavior in adolescence was usually preceded by abnormalities in the development of emotional personality and aggressiveness in early childhood. To analyze this in more detail, he evaluated longitudinal studies on the development of emotions and aggression in children and adolescents. Building on such research results, Wahl pointed out in numerous lectures and books, also for parents, (socially) educational practitioners and the police, the necessity of preventing violence at an early stage , which is now also being implemented more and more frequently in child and youth welfare and in educational practice.

Further studies by Wahl focused on politics and support systems (including family policy, family counseling, parenting education, aggression prevention).

Wahl also demonstrated the interplay of scientific and social science research on other subjects, such as the emergence of the idea of free will in children. During a fellowship at the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg , Delmenhorst, Wahl began interdisciplinary studies on youth violence in 2008 with brain researcher Gerhard Roth (University of Bremen), other neuroscientists and psychologists from various universities . In 2009 Wahl published a comprehensive interdisciplinary research review on aggression and violence , which overcame the usual stringing together of scientific results from the individual disciplines and highlighted the complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, neural, psychological and social mechanisms in the development of aggression. The model of bio-psycho-social mechanisms of aggression presented in this book has been positively received by international aggression literature.

This was followed by an equally interdisciplinary introduction to the development of morality as well as moral and political values. How does morality get into the head? From values ​​education to personal development , in the election also criticized the political-educational rhetoric about values, alleged deterioration of values ​​and the usual suggestions for value education. Instead of predominantly cognitive and hardly effective value education for the motivation of actual behavior, he suggests the promotion of emotional and social skills that tend to lead to behavior that is socially regarded as moral.

In 1990 Wahl founded the scientific journal DISKURS - Studies on Childhood, Youth, Family and Society , which has been continued as the Discourse Childhood and Youth Research since 2006 and of which he is a member of the scientific advisory board.

Klaus Wahl's research work began with his interest in the importance of subjective perspectives, the understanding of meaning and the emotions of people for their social behavior and the further development of research methods to determine these. But he then noticed the limited explanatory power of the subjective sense (including the assumption of widespread rationality and morality) for the behavior of people in society and the social sciences, which are primarily geared to the acquisition of this sense. This criticism directed his interest to psychological and scientific factors of human behavior, especially social behavior (including the evolutionary, genetic, epigenetic, neuropsychological and emotional roots of aggression and tolerance) and motivated his theoretical, educational and practical efforts, which were often critical for a long time to motivate opposing natural and social sciences to dialogue and constructive-critical cooperation.

After voting on the report by the organization Human Rights First entitled Germany Conflicted. The Struggle Between Xenophobia and Tolerance , in 2020 he presented a synopsis of the interdisciplinary and international state of research on the emergence of manifestations of right-wing radicalism (ideology, parties, movements, violence): The Radical Right. Biopsychosocial Roots and International Variations

Fonts (selection)

Books (selection)

  • Family education and counseling in the FRG. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Berlin / Cologne / Mainz 1973, new edition 1975.
  • Families are different! How they see themselves. Impetus for a new family policy. (Together with G. Tüllmann, M.-S. Honig, L. Gravenhorst). rororo aktuell, Reinbek 1980, ISBN 3-499-14636-3 .
  • Science and interests. For the production of subjectivity-oriented social research. (Together with M.-S. Honig, L. Gravenhorst). Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt / M. 1982, ISBN 3-518-27998-X .
  • The modernization trap. Society, self-awareness and violence. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt / M. 1989, ISBN 3-518-28442-8 .
  • Studies on violence in families. Social experiences, self-awareness, violence. DJI German Youth Institute, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-87966-313-0 .
  • Critique of Sociological Reason. Exploring a deep sociology. Velbrück Wissenschaft, Weilerswist 2000, ISBN 3-934730-16-7 .
  • Xenophobia. On the trail of extreme emotions. (Together with Ch. Tramitz, J. Blumtritt). Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2001, delivery: VS-Verlag, Wiesbaden, ISBN 3-8100-3137-2 .
  • Xenophobia, anti-Semitism, right-wing extremism. Three studies on suspects and offenders. (Ed.). Federal Ministry of the Interior, Berlin 2001.
  • Skinheads, neo-Nazis, followers. Offender studies and prevention. (Ed.). Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2003, delivery: VS-Verlag, Wiesbaden, ISBN 3-8100-3171-2 .
  • Do "Super Nanny" and Co. help? At a loss for parents - a challenge for parent education. (Ed. With K. Hees). Beltz, Weinheim 2006. New edition: Cornelsen Scriptor 2007, ISBN 978-3-589-25399-9 .
  • Take or hit? Biographies of violent youngsters as the key to an education for tolerance in the family, kindergarten and school. Cornelsen Scriptor, Berlin / Düsseldorf / Mannheim 2007, ISBN 978-3-589-24511-6 .
  • Perpetrator or victim? Youth violence - causes and prevention. (with K. Hees). Reinhardt, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-497-02037-9 .
  • Aggression and violence. A biological, psychological and social science overview. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8274-2388-7 . New edition as softcover 2012, ISBN 978-3-8274-3120-2 .
  • How does morality get into the head? From values ​​education to personal development. Springer Spectrum, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-642-55407-0 .
  • The Radical Right. Biopsychosocial Roots and International Variations. Palgrave, London 2020, ISBN 978-3-030-25130-7 .

Articles (selection)

  • Development of Xenophobia and Aggression. In: International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice. 26, 2002, 2, pp. 247-256.
  • Враждебността към чуждия - изследователски резултати от дълбинна социологическа перспектива. (Xenophobia - research results from a deep sociological perspective) In: Социологически проблеми. (Sociological Problems; Bulgaria) 34, 2002, 1–2, pp. 242–255.
  • Invaded, infiltrated, melted down? The paradoxical story of the history of the Alemanni. In: Swiss monthly books. 83, 2003, 6/7, pp. 38-39.
  • Roots of Xenophobia and Violence against Migrants. Personality, Parents, Pedagogues, Peers, and Emotion. In: D. Hoerder, Y. Hébert, I. Schmitt, (Eds.): Negotiating Transcultural Lives. Belongings and Social Capital among Youth in Comparative Perspective. V&R unipress, Göttingen 2005, pp. 59-68.
  • Development and socialization conditions for tolerance. In: Bertelsmann Stiftung, Bertelsmann Forschungsgruppe Politik (Ed.): Strategies against right-wing extremism. Vol. 1. Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh 2005, pp. 16–79 (with M. Ottinger-Gaßebner, C. Kleinert, S.-V. Renninger).
  • The paradox of free will and its development in the child. In: Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung 1, 2006, 1, pp. 117–139.
  • Ultraprawicowe i ksenofobiczne wyobrażenia i typy zachowań - wyniki badań nad młodzieżą. (Right-wing extremist and xenophobic ideas and behavior in Germany. Results of youth research) In: M. Minkenberga, D. Sucker, A. Wenninger (Eds.): Prawicowy radykalizm i ksenofobia w Polsce iw Niemczech. Nacjonalne i europejskie perpepktywy. (Radical rights and xenophobia in Germany and Poland. National and European perspectives). Information Center for Social Sciences, Bonn 2006, pp. 146–163.
  • Neurophysiological Correlates of Laboratory-Induced Aggression in Young Men with and without a History of Violence. In: PLoS ONE. 6 (7) 2011: e22599 (with D. Wiswede, S. Taubner, Th. F. Münte, G. Roth, D. Strüber, UM Krämer).
  • Parental Influences on the Prevalence and Development of Child Aggressiveness. In: Journal of Child and Family Studies. 21, 2012, 2, pp. 344-355 (with C. Metzner).
  • Roots of aggression and violence. Biological, psychological and social science research results. In: AM Kalcher, K. Lauermann (Ed.): The power of aggression. G&G Verlagsgesellschaft, Vienna 2012, pp. 21–46.
  • Biotic, psychological and social conditions for aggression and violence. In: B. Enzmann (Ed.): Handbook Political Violence. Forms - causes - legitimation - limitation.  : Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2013, pp. 15–42 (with M. Rh. Wahl).
  • Aggression and violence. An interplay of biotic, psychological and social mechanisms. In: Meller, Harald / Schefzik, Michael (ed.): War. An archaeological search for traces. Accompanying volume for the special exhibition in the State Museum for Prehistory Halle (Saale).

Theiss, Darmstadt 2015, pp. 29–32.

  • Germany Conflicted. The Struggle Between Xenophobia and Tolerance. Human Rights first, New York 2017. https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/hrf-germany-conflicted-report.pdf
  • Strategies for the further development of violence prevention in the Federal Republic of Germany from the perspective of science. In: Voss, Stephan / Marks, Erich (ed.): Strategies for the further development of violence prevention in the Federal Republic of Germany. Pro BUSINESS, Berlin 2018, pp. 45–64.

Web links

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ People in Profile: Klaus Wahl. DJI. DJI Bulletin 88,2009, 4, p. 24; German Youth Institute: Klaus Wahl in conversation about his current book “The Radical Right”. March 20, 2020. https://www.dji.de/ueber-uns/dji-alumni-netzwerk/klaus-wahl-im-gespraech-ueber-sein-aktuelles-buch-the-radical-right.html
  2. ↑ Everyday family life . A report by the German Youth Institute. Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek 1989, ISBN 3-499-12517-X .
  3. ↑ Families are different! As you see yourself: impetus for a new family policy. Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek 1980 (with G. Tüllmann, M.-S. Honig, L. Gravenhorst).
  4. ↑ The modernization trap. Society, self-awareness and violence. Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1989.
  5. ^ Studies on violence in families. Social experience, self-awareness, violence. DJI Verlag German Youth Institute, Munich 1990.
  6. ↑ The Inner Workings of Modern Families - Measurements on Difficult Terrain. In: everyday family life. A report by the German Youth Institute. Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek 1989, pp. 24–53 (with J. Stich, G. Seidenspinner).
  7. ↑ Video in family therapy and family research: Self-confrontation through video feedback - chances and dangers of a method. Familiendynamik 9, 1984, 3, pp. 242-254 (with P. Nemetschek).
  8. ↑ German Youth Institute (ed.): How's the family doing? A handbook on the situation of families today. Kösel, Munich 1988.
  9. ↑ Science and interests. For the production of subjectivity-oriented social research. Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft, Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1982 (with M.-S. Honig, L. Gravenhorst).
  10. ↑ The modernization trap. Society, self-awareness and violence. Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1989.
  11. ↑ Printed under the title "Critique of Sociological Reason. Probing to a Deep Sociology." Velbrück Wissenschaft, Weilerswist 2000.
  12. ↑ Xenophobia. On the trail of extreme emotions. Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2001 (with Ch. Tramitz, J. Blumtritt); Xenophobia, anti-Semitism, right-wing extremism. Three studies on suspects and offenders. Federal Ministry of the Interior, Berlin 2001 (Ed.); Skinheads, neo-Nazis, followers. Offender studies and prevention. Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2003 (ed.).
  13. ↑ u. a. Childlike aggressiveness over time. Extent and causes. In: Ch. Alt (Hrsg.): Children's life - individual developments in social contexts. Children's panel, vol. 5. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2008, pp. 199–124 (with V. Jung); Parental Influences on the Prevalence and Development of Child Aggressiveness. Journal of Child and Family Studies 2011, (Online First; with C. Metzner).
  14. ↑ Development and socialization conditions for tolerance. In: Bertelsmann Stiftung, Bertelsmann Forschungsgruppe Politik (Ed.): Strategies against right-wing extremism. Vol. 1. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung 2005, pp. 16–79 (with M. Ottinger-Gaßebner, C. Kleinert, S.-V. Renninger); Take or hit? Biographies of violent youngsters as the key to an education for tolerance in the family, kindergarten and school. Cornelsen Verlag Scriptor, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Mannheim 2007; Perpetrator or victim? Youth violence - causes and prevention. Reinhardt, Munich 2009 (with K. Hees); see. also Birgit Weidinger: No-Entry is better than Exit. Süddeutsche Zeitung September 8, 2001.
  15. ↑ P. Rieker (Ed.): The early bird catches the worm !? Social learning and prevention of right-wing extremism and xenophobia in kindergarten and primary school. Halle: German Youth Institute 2004
  16. ^ Family education and counseling in the Federal Republic of Germany. Inventory of the situation of institutional marriage and family education and counseling in the Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin. Federal Ministry for Youth, Family and Health, Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1973 and Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1973; Do “Super Nanny” and Co. help? At a loss for parents - a challenge for parent education. Beltz, Weinheim 2006 (Ed. With K. Hees); "Strategies for the further development of violence prevention in the Federal Republic of Germany from the perspective of science." In: Voss, Stephan / Marks, Erich (ed.): "Strategies for the further development of violence prevention in the Federal Republic of Germany." Berlin: Pro BUSINESS 2018, pp. 45–64.
  17. ↑ The paradox of free will and its development in the child. Discourse Childhood and Youth Research 1, 2006, 1, pp. 117–139.
  18. ↑ cf. H. Riewe: Wahl and Roth are on the trail of youth violence. Delmenhorster Kreisblatt, March 19, 2008, p. 4.
  19. ^ Neurophysiological Correlates of Laboratory-Induced Aggression in Young Men with and without a History of Violence. PLoS ONE 6 (7) 2011: e22599 (with D. Wiswede, S. Taubner, Th. F. Münte, G. Roth, D. Strüber, Klaus Wahl, UM Krämer).
  20. ^ Aggression and violence. A biological, psychological and social science overview. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg 2009. New edition 2012
  21. ^ I. Needham et al .: Preface. Violence in the Health Sector. Kavanah, Amsterdam 2016, p. 5. ISBN 978-90-5740-150-3 ; J. Nau, N. Oud, G. Walter: Scientific basic theories of aggression and violence. In: J. Nau, G. Walter, N. Oud (eds.): Aggression, violence and aggression management. 2nd edition, Bern: Hogrefe 2019, pp. 63–75, ISBN 978-3-456-85845-6
  22. ↑ How does morality get into your head? From values ​​education to personal development. Springer Spectrum, Berlin 2015
  23. ↑ DJI Bulletin 88, 2009, 4, p. 24; Klaus Wahl, DJI. People in profile; M.-S. Honey: Greetings from the other banks of science. For Klaus Wahl on November 9th, 2009 (lecture at the German Youth Institute, Munich)
  24. ↑ Germany Conflicted. The Struggle Between Xenophobia and Tolerance. Human Rights First, New York 2017
  25. ^ The Radical Right. Biopsychosocial Roots and International Variations. Palgrave, London 2020.
personal data
SURNAME Choice, Klaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German social scientist and aggression researcher
DATE OF BIRTH November 23, 1944
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart