Chotěvice

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Chotěvice
Coat of arms of Chotěvice
Chotěvice (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Královéhradecký kraj
District : Trutnov
Area : 2012 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 31 ′  N , 15 ° 46 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 31 ′ 17 ″  N , 15 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  E
Height: 357  m nm
Residents : 1,067 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 543 76
License plate : H
traffic
Street: Nová Paka - Trutnov
Railway connection: Velký Osek – Trutnov
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Josef Davidík (as of 2011)
Address: Chotěvice 275
543 76 Chotěvice
Municipality number: 579319
Website : www.chotevice.cz

Chotěvice (German Kottwitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers southeast of Hostinné and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .

geography

Chotěvice extends in the Krkonoše foothills in a left side valley of the Elbe along the Pilníkovský potok or Volanovský potok, into which the Čermná flows. To the south is the Kingdom Forest . To the north rises the Kupa ( Geierglockenberg , 453 m), in the southeast the Smrk (584 m), to the south the Zavora (548 m), the Svatá Kateřina ( Katharinaberg , 511 m) and the Slučí Kameny (511 m) as well as in the southwest of the Bradlo (519 m).

Neighboring towns are Karlovka and Čermná in the north, Vlčice and Pilníkov in the north-east, Prostřední Staré Buky and Horní Staré Buky in the east, Horní Žďár, Výšinka, Záboří and Nové Záboří in the south-east, Nové Domy, Ves Svájemín Hártéřiny and Nadjemínov, Hórny South, Horní Debrné, Debrné and Zadní Mostek in the southwest, Nové Zámky , Vestřev and Dolní Olešnice in the west and Hostinné in the northwest.

The state road I / 16 between Nová Paka and Trutnov and the railway line Velký Osek – Trutnov run through Chotěvice .

history

The elongated Waldhufendorf was probably created around 1250 in the course of the German colonization of the border forests. The origin of the place name is unclear. August Sedláček derived it from a Vladiken Chotěj, the school chronicle from the old German Kott , and other interpretations lead it back to the Czech words choť or chot . The statement that the origins of the village of Chotěvice go back to 1005 cannot be proven and also contradicts the settlement history of the area. In the 19th century, in which the above Village name interpretation was published, the meaning of the noble locators was not considered by Kottwitz.

Documents from the von Kottwitz family from 1362 and 1363 prove that Arnold and Heinrich from the von Kottwitz family, known as von Cologne, were patrons of the local church. In 1317 the castle seat of the v. Kottwitz bei Brieg in the Duchy of Brieg (Polish Stare Kolnie ) mentioned. The sons of Heinrich, Niklas von Köln and Wolfhard von Kottwitz were named as successors in an Arnau document in 1377. The establishment of the place is presumably closely connected with Arnau. The lords of Torgau and von Kottwitz were among the founders of the town during this time.

After 1300 the lords of Kottwitz founded five villages with the same name in Silesia , Saxony and Lusatia. So also the city of Kotwitz in Niederlausitz, since 1500/1600 only called Cottbus . Nickel von Kottwitz von Kölln is still mentioned in 1394 . He is described as a strict knight sat zu Trautenau in a Prague document. The Knights of Kottwitz served the Teutonic Order . You performed u. a. Her knightly service in the Teutonic Order castles in Henneburg in the Bohemian Crown Land on the Main, historically significant also the service on the Marienburg with the participation as leader in the battle of Tannenberg .

The first written mention of Chotyenicz was in 1362. In 1363 the village was called Cotwicz , 1370 as Chotwicz , 1403 as Chotowicz , 1415 as Kotwicz , 1476 as Chotobice and 1538 as Chotwitz . The Church of St. Peter and Paul has been a parish church since 1384. Early patronage pastors were

  • Siegfried von Jermer († 1388)
  • Otto von Benehtendorff until 1395
  • Johannes von Niedersteine in the Glatzer Land until 1396
  • Johannes von Chwoynecz until 1403
  • Martin von Oels until 1406
  • Nicholas of Cologne until 1413
  • John of Kanowa until 1415
  • Johannes von Königshof probably until 1424
  • from 1541 Franz Ay von Trautenau ( Protestant )

During the Hussite Wars , the church was destroyed and the Catholic priest was expelled. The subsequently appointed Protestant clergy did not stay long, as the population continued to be Catholic. This only changed when the parish of Arnau became Lutheran in the course of the Reformation. In 1520 Katharina von Kozojedy sold the Chotobice estate with all its accessories to Johann von Wartenberg , who united it with his Arnau reign. He sold the rule to his brother-in-law Zdeněk von Waldstein in 1522 . In the purchase there is a description of the castle, the fortress, the brewery and other buildings in Chotobice . The last Protestant pastor was Emanuel Moller, who had a tombstone erected in front of the entrance to the church for his wife, three sons and five daughters, who died between 1605 and 1624. After the Thirty Years' War the parish Chotěvice was abolished and the church was assigned as a branch church of the Catholic Dechantei Arnau.

Various noble families took turns in quick succession as owners of the initially independent estate. This included Arnold with his brother Heinrich von Kottwitz called von Köln until 1370, from 1370 Niklas von Köln and Wolfhard von Kottwitz and the last owner of the von Kottwitz family was Martin von Köln . After the Hussite War, in 1454 Hynek von Lichtenburg had ownership of the Meierhof, the farm estates, the interest payments and the church patronage confirmed by the emperor's widow Barbara. In 1470 Johann von Kozojed owned Kottwitz. In 1520 the place passed from Johann's daughter to Johann von Wartenberg to Arnau . In 1522 Zdeněk von Waltstein followed and around 1541 Georg von Waldstein became the landowner.

The first village school began teaching in the rectory in 1660. The subjects were obligated to the Chottwitzer Maierhof . Since the end of the 17th century the place was called Kottwitz . In 1787 a restaurant was set up in Kottwitz , whose pastor Johann Schrutek was paid for with funds from the religious fund and whose district also included the villages of Karlseck, Katharinadörfel and Kaiserlich Döberney. The following year a new school building was built.

On the night of July 12th to 13th, 1832, a devastating storm hit Kottwitz. Lightning strikes burned down both the church and the wooden chapel on Katharinaberg. In 1835 Pastor Ambrosius Schmid had both of them restored. In 1834 Kottwitz consisted of 158 houses and had 995 inhabitants. In the village there was a school and a three-speed mill with a board saw. The church appears as an unsightly stone building, dark and damp, with a boarded ceiling, only the presbytery is vaulted; it has described three altars, an organ with twelve registers and positive, a tower with four bells and a clock . Karlseck had 458 inhabitants and consisted of 78 houses and a Meierhof. 38 people lived in the six houses in Katharinadörfel.

Until the middle of the 19th century, Kottwitz always remained subordinate to the Arnau rule and finally to Count Deym von Střítež .

After the abolition of patrimonial Kottwitz / Chotěvice formed with the districts Karlseck and Katharinadörfel from 1850 a municipality in the judicial district of Arnau and in the Hohenelbe district . At this time, the new Kottwitz pastor and later Arnau chaplain, Johann Weber, collected donations in Austria, the German states, Italy and France for the construction of a new, larger and more stately church, which was built between 1861 and 1863. The railway between Pelsdorf and Trautenau was built between 1868 and 1869 and started operating in 1870. In 1891 a post office was established. In 1914 Kottwitz / Chotěvice was electrified. From 1921, Katharinadörfel also had the Czech name Ves Svaté Kateřiny . In 1921 a cooperative was formed to build the railway Jičín - Nová Paka - Pecka - Trutnov - Chotěvice as part of a world railway from Le Havre to Kiev. The local water supply was established in 1930. In the same year the community had 1785 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 1778. On June 20, 1937, the local council decided to set up a new local authority, in which, in addition to the local administration with a meeting room and archive, the post office, a doctor’s practice and Apartments should be created. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Kottwitz was annexed to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Hohenelbe district until 1945 . After the Second World War, the place, whose population consisted of 90% Germans, came back to Czechoslovakia. The official name of Karlovka was introduced in 1946 for the settlement of Karlseck, which until then had no Czech name . As a result of the expulsion of the German residents, the number of inhabitants fell sharply from 1946 onwards. In 1956 the handicraft businesses began to be broken up, only repair workshops could continue to exist. After the Okres Vrchlabí was abolished, Chotěvice was assigned to the Okres Trutnov at the beginning of 1961. In 1961 the pilgrimage chapel on Svatá Kateřina and the village of Ves Svaté Kateřiny were demolished. The name of the village was later transferred to the holiday settlement built at the southern foot of the Svatá Kateřina mountain in the valley of the Kateřinský creek. The brick factory was shut down in 1961.

In the 1980s the population of Chotěvice grew again. Because of the convenient and scenic location of the village, people from Slovakia , Hradec Králové and the area around Jičín , who worked in Hostinné, settled in Chotěvice. Today Chotěvice is the third largest village in the Okres Trutnov.

Local division

No districts are shown for the municipality of Chotěvice. The settlements Karlovka, also Karlov ( Karlseck ) and Ves Svaté Kateřiny, also America ( Katharinadörfel ) belong to Chotěvice .

Attractions

  • Church of St. Peter and Paul, which was built from red sandstone in 1861–63 is in the cemetery
  • Stone cross at the entrance to the cemetery, erected in 1787 by Pastor Johann Schrutek
  • Rectory, the renaissance building built in the 16th century still has remains of sgraffito decorations
  • Calvary column on the cemetery wall, created in 1810
  • Memorial for the 76 fallen of the First World War, created in 1925 from Horschitz sandstone by the company Barta & Wagner from Jaroměř
  • Remains of the pilgrimage chapel of St. Catherine on Svatá Kateřina; the chapel, built in 1832–35, was demolished in 1961. There is a T-Mobile transmission tower in its place.
  • timbered houses in folk construction
  • Svatá Kateřina recreational area in the Kateřinský potok valley

Personalities

  • Edwin Rolf (1899–1991), the mechanical engineering entrepreneur and amateur astronomer, manufactured his first medial telescope with an opening of 206 mm in his machine factory in Kottwitz in 1929. At the end of 1932 he put the largest telescopic telescope in Czechoslovakia into operation in his private observatory. In 1940 Rolf moved to Rathenow , where he constructed the Rathenow refractor between 1949 and 1953 .

See also

Web links

Commons : Chotěvice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. http://www.chotevice.cz/index.php?nid=5569&lid=cs&oid=884853
  3. a b http://www.riesengebirgler.de/gebirge/orte/Ortschaften.htm
  4. https://zabytek.pl/pl/obiekty/stare-kolnie-ruiny-zamku/10
  5. The old home, Arnau an der Elbe in the Riesengebirge by Dr. Otto Weiss, page 58; Document text from 1377 and document from the Arnau city archive, contributions to the history of Arnau by Dr. Karl Leeder. From the communications of the Association for the History of Germans in Böhmen, Prague 1872, page 15 (* 24) 14th line, [...] Bolko Duke of Opol zu Arnau [...] that before him the brothers Niklas von Keln and Wolfhard von Kottwitz come [...] that their ancestors sold the Kreczin and the crafts to Kottwicz in their village to the Arnau citizens [...].
  6. (formerly Franconian, see Cottbus )
  7. Lausitzer Magazin, collection of various papers and news on the nature, art, world and fatherland history of customs and the beautiful sciences […], page 364 14th line, third year 1770, printed in Görlitz and to be found by Johann Friedrich Fickelscherer.
  8. ^ Franz Schöbel: The Kottwitz parish church through the ages , Kottwitz-Stuttgart-Hofen
  9. Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, p. 221.
  10. Johann Gottfried Sommer: The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, p. 222.
  11. [1]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.chotevice.cz  
  12. Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hohenelbe district ( Vrchlabí in Czech ). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  13. http://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1947-123