Čermná v Krkonoších

Čermná
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Královéhradecký kraj
District :	Trutnov
Area :	929 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 33 '  N , 15 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 33 '18 "  N , 15 ° 46' 2"  E
Height:	387  m nm
Residents :	403 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	543 77
License plate :	H
traffic
Street:	Chotěvice - Čermná
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Milan Halík (as of 2011)
Address:	Čermná 40 543 77 Čermná
Municipality number:	579106
Website :	www.obec-cermna.cz

Overview from the southwest

Čermná (German Tschermna ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located three kilometers northeast of Hostinné and belongs to the Okres Trutnov .

geography

Čermná extends in the Giant Mountains foothills in the valley of the Čermná brook ( red water ). The Červená výšina ( Rote Höhe , 519 m) and the Čermenský vrch (493 m) rise to the north, the Kamenná ( forest rock , 543 m) to the northeast , the Kupa ( vulture bell hill , 453 m) to the southeast and the Hubertova výšina (482 m) to the west m).

Neighboring towns are Janovice , Leopoldov and Javorník in the north, Hrádeček , Jánský Dvůr and Vlčice in the Northeast, Lesní Domky and Letná in the east, Pilníkov the southeast, Chotěvice and Karlovka in the south, Podhájí, Hostinné and Podháj the southwest, Arnultovice in the west and Terezín and Rudník in the northwest.

history

The elongated forest hoof village was probably created in the 13th century in the course of the German colonization of the border forests. The name of the place derives from the old Slavic name Červená voda for the red water stream in whose valley the village was built. It is possible that there was also a Slavic settlement here, which has merged into the new village.

The first written mention of Czirna was in 1362 as the property of Tyček von Ivanovice. From the beginning, the village was a feudal estate of the lordly Trautenauer district . The construction of the St. Wenceslas Church as a branch church of the parish of Arnau took place in 1384. In 1395 the place was called Czrmna . From the first half of the 15th century, a branch of the Vladiken von Silber ( Zilvár ) owned the estate. They had a small fortress built next to the church in the upper village. In the second half of the 15th century, the Zikana ( Cikána ) family from Arnau acquired most of the village. In 1495 the village was designated as Cermna , in 1564 as Tschirne and in 1698 as Tschirnau , although since the 17th century a distinction has been made between Oberdorf and Niederdorf, both of which had their own local seals. The border between the two parts was between houses No. 78 and 79. Since the parish of Arnau had become Lutheran in the course of the Reformation, Protestant services were held in Čermná between 1542 and 1623. The Zikana family sold the Ober- and Nieder-Czirmna estate with the festival in 1699 to Octavian Vladislav / Ladislav von Waldstein (1646–1718). Before 1785 Joseph von Bolza acquired the allodial property and attached it to the Arnau rulership. From then on, the fortress was left to decay and demolished in the 19th century. From 1790 the place was called Tscherma . In 1791 the village consisted of 106 houses. After Joseph von Bolza's widow had the rule bid, it was acquired in 1799 by Count Franz Deym von Střítež . When the houses were renumbered in 1805, 143 houses were counted. After the death of Franz Deym Count von Střítež, the rule passed to his son of the same name in 1832. In 1834 the village consisted of 159 houses and had 1,016 inhabitants. In addition to the festivals, there was a mill and a brewery. From 1835 the place name Tschermna was used. Until the middle of the 19th century, Tschermna always remained an allodial property associated with the Arnau rule.

After the abolition of patrimonial Ober Tschermna / Horní Čermná and Nieder Tschermna / Dolní Čermná became a municipality Tschermna / Čermná in the judicial district of Arnau and in the Hohenelbe district . united. In 1860 a separate parish was set up in Tschermna and a rectory was built by the builder Franz Siedler from Mohren. The church and the cemetery wall were very damaged at this point, so that repair work was carried out three years later. At the 1910 census, there were 1119 people in Tschermna, all of them belonged to the German ethnic group and were all Catholics. The church had to be closed by the building authorities in 1910 and was demolished in 1913. In 1917 a new building was consecrated in its place. In 1930 the community had 1,038 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 1,024. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Tschermna was annexed to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Hohenelbe district until 1945 . After the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia. As a result of the expulsion of German residents, the number of residents fell sharply. After the Okres Vrchlabí was abolished, Čermná was assigned to the Okres Trutnov at the beginning of 1961.

Local division

No districts are shown for the municipality of Čermná. Čermná consists of the localities Dolní Čermná ( Lower Tschermna ) and Horní Čermná ( Upper Tschermna ) as well as the settlements Lesní Domky ( Bush House ) and Podhájí ( Bush House ).

Attractions

• Branch Church of St. Wenzel, the neo-Gothic building was built in 1915–1916 according to plans by Arnau civil geometer Otto Friedler instead of the old church from 1384 that was demolished in 1913
• Statue of St. John of Nepomuk, from the 18th century
• Trinity column, created at the beginning of the 19th century
• Timbered houses in folk style

Web links

• History of Čermná
• Description of the community symbols

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
2. ↑ http://riesengebirgler.de/gebirge/orte/Ortschaften_1.htm
3. ^ Genealogy Waldstein
4. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 3: Bidschower Kreis. Calve, Prague 1835, pp. 219-223.
5. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hohenelbe district (Czech. Vrchlabí). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).